Toh Kian Sing

Introduction In an age where commercial disputes frequently span multiple jurisdictions, litigants may find themselves seeking to obtain the participation of parties located abroad, or to obtain evidence from parties in foreign jurisdictions. Judicial cooperation plays a key role in facilitating such efforts, bringing the gap between domestic enforcement and international comity.

Introduction Throughout the year, we have been keeping you up to date on noteworthy developments across the region with our Regional Round-up Publications. As we enter 2024, we are pleased to share with you our 2023 year-in-review of the Regional Round-up for our Regional Offices in the Rajah & Tann Asia network. In each jurisdiction, we recount the key milestones in the path that has been travelled in 2023, as well as consider the terrain of the road that lies ahead in 2024.

Introduction The commercial purpose of a confirmed documentary letter of credit is to provide assurance to the beneficiary that it will receive payment against presentation of complying documents. The addition of the confirming bank in the letter of credit transaction is often due to the beneficiary's discomfort with the issuing bank, whether for reasons of creditworthiness or otherwise.