Tufan Cankaya

1 Introduction The term “transgender and gender diverse (TGD)” refers to individuals whose gender identity differs from the social and cultural expectations associated with the sex they were assigned at birth (Coleman et al. 2022). While biological sexual development is primarily determined by genetic and hormonal factors, gender identity is a complex and multifaceted construct shaped by environmental and cultural factors, in addition to its biological basis (Rosenthal 2021).