Umesh Chandra Sahoo

ABSTRACT Vehicle traffic is the primary noise source in urban areas, mainly generated by tire-pavement interaction, vehicle propulsion, and air turbulence. Tire-pavement noise stems from tire pattern, sliding of tire, pavement roughness, and air-pumping, influenced by tread impact and other mechanisms. Amplification factors like horn and resonance effects amplify this noise: surface characteristics like porosity, texture, and mechanical impedance play a crucial role.