Vinay Kumar Jadoun

Abstract The depletion of fossil fuels and the rising demand for electricity are driving the global shift toward renewable energy sources (RES). The primary goal of incorporating RES into the conventional smart grid is to establish a more ecological and eco-friendly energy system. However, due to their lower system inertia, RESs struggle to effectively respond to fluctuations in load demand.

Abstract Traditionally, Electric grids are designed to transport the bulk power generated at conventional power plants to load centres. Electricity regulators are tightening the grid codes to improve the performance and efficiency of electric grids. The coordinated planning of reactive power management for voltage profile regulation is an essential aspect of the seamless operation and control of electric grids.

Abstract This paper reports the optimum operation of a virtual power plant (VPP) to reduce the reliance on coal and gas-based energy generation. This practice not only promotes the incorporation of renewable-based energy sources but also reduces the reliance on fossil-based resources which are limited in the reserves. The selected VPP system comprises small hydropower, wind turbine, solar photovoltaics and fuel cells accompanied by a co-generation unit.