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Anthropogenic activities in the oceans are expanding (Halpern et al., 2019; O’Hara, Frazier & Halpern, 2021) and various stressors are responsible for pollution (from contaminants, plastics or noise, among others) and biodiversity loss (Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, 2018; European Commission, Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, 2023).
In this study, we explored the challenges of combining PAM towed array data with VLT survey data when the surveys are conducted simultaneously and developed a statistical framework to estimate abundance and surface availability bias. In particular, we focused on the challenge of correcting for duplicate detections. Using simulations and a case study of sperm whales, we explored several methods that range in complexity and data requirements.
PHFinder was developed to assist the detection of point heteroplasmies in large data sets. The program automates a first pass of the data, reducing the number of AB1 files that need to be visually inspected. Although PHFinder detected most of the point heteroplasmies present in the dataset (95.3%), the present analysis revealed some limitations.
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