Abstract Objective: To study the effect of patient understanding of diabetes self-care on glycemic control. Study Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jul 2019. A standardized questionnaire comprising nine questions to gauge understanding of diabetes self-care was applied to 216 patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi.