Wenhao Yin

Abstract There are three classes of neutral 6-membered reactive species, namely didehydrobenzene (benzyne (1)), dihydrobenzenes (cyclohexyne (2) and 1,2-cyclohexadiene (3)), and benzene isomers (cyclohexen-3-yne (4), 1,2,3-cyclohexatriene (5), and 1,2,4-cyclohexatriene (6)). Although intermediates 1-3 have found broad synthetic applications, the benzene isomers 4-6 received only sporadic attention.

B(C6F5)3 Catalysed Cyclic Carbonate Editing† We reported an unusual Lewis acid catalyzed cyclic carbonate editing approach. Such a CO2-retention and metal-free process could be performed at room temperature with 100% atom economy. The products incorporated tetra-substituted stereodefined alkenyl moiety which are synthetically challenging or economically consuming via otherwise methods. DFT calculations detailed the reaction pathways and the origin of excellent steroselectivity.

1 Introduction Vitiligo, a condition characterized by white patches on the skin, is an autoimmune disease [1, 2]. The localized or generalized depigmented lesions are a result of the reduction or absence of functional melanocytes in the skin and hair follicles [3]. Pathogenesis is unclear and is related to genetic and nongenetic factors [4-6]. Vitiligo is a prevalent condition that may affect various regions of the body and manifest at any age [7].