Wilma Barcellini

1 Introduction Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) and cold agglutinin disease (CAD) are autoimmune hematologic disorders causing thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia, respectively [1]. ITP results in IgG platelet autoantibody-mediated platelet destruction that leads to bleeding and constitutional symptoms. ITP has an annual incidence of 1.9–3.9 per 100 000 person-years, with higher rates in women and in older age groups [2].

Abstract Chronic idiopathic neutropenia (CIN) is a rare benign condition  caused by an immune attack against neutrophils, either primary or in the context of other autoimmune conditions, lymphoproliferative syndromes, and inborn errors of immunity. In this single-center prospective study, 131 adult CIN patients were enrolled (median age 55 years, range: 20–93). At baseline, 56% had anti-neutrophil autoantibodies and 31% had autoimmune comorbidities.