Submitted: 03 September 2025 Posted: 09 September 2025 You are already at the latest version Cultivated land quality is a critical factor influencing soil productivity and serving as the theoretical basis for scientific fertilization. This study systematically analyzed the evolution of cultivated land quality and its impact on soil productivity across three major ecological regions (northern Shanxi, central Shanxi, northern Shanxi) in Shanxi Province, China, over a 23-year period (1998-2021).