Xueying Guo

1 Introduction The ultralow friction devised by living systems (e.g., knee joints and eyelids), with a friction coefficient (CoF) as low as μ ≈0.001[1] at physiological pressures of tens of MPa,[2] has stimulated intensive research into mimicking such extraordinary lubrication and investigating underlying mechanisms.[3] Articular cartilage, a complex biohydrogel covering the end bone of a joint,[4] plays a crucial role in facilitating ultralow joint friction, where hyaluronan (HA), aggrecans,...

Abstract Singapore’s rapidly aging population and increasing healthcare demands highlight the need for projections to inform policy planning. Here we adapted a previously published dynamic Markov microsimulation model, the Future Elderly Model, to estimate disease trajectories and healthcare expenditure among adults aged 51 years and older in Singapore. The model simulated four long-term lifestyle interventions aligned with the Healthier SG program from 2020 to 2050.