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Abstract Plasma membranes of animal cells are enriched for cholesterol. Cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs) are pore-forming toxins secreted by bacteria that target membrane cholesterol for their effector function. Phagocytes are essential for clearance of CDC-producing bacteria; however, the mechanisms by which these cells evade the deleterious effects of CDCs are largely unknown.
Cholesterol metabolism impacts innate immune responses against infection. Xiao et al. show that DHCR7 and the natural product 7-DHC regulate type I interferon production via modulate AKT3 activation. The inducible expressed AKT3 directly binds IRF3 to promote IRF3 Ser385 phosphorylation. The DHCR7 inhibitors protect against various viral infections.
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