Y. Yinon

INTRODUCTION Parvovirus B19 is a small, single-stranded DNA virus that primarily affects humans. It is best known as the cause of erythema infectiosum, commonly referred to as ‘fifth disease’ or ‘slapped-cheek syndrome’, which is a mild illness predominantly affecting children. The virus is transmitted via respiratory droplets and is highly contagious. Parvovirus B19 infection is seasonal, with peak activity usually seen in spring and early summer, and cyclical peaks occurring every 3 to 4 years1.

Objectives A recent randomised trial showed that high-dosage oral valaciclovir treatment following first trimester primary maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection reduced the rate of fetal CMV infection. Following this trial, maternal oral valaciclovir treatment has been offered in Israel to women with evidence of early gestational primary maternal CMV infection.