Yanying Shang

1. Introduction As the global economy and society continue to advance, China has become a major global automobile-producing and -consuming country. In the past few years, China’s automobile ownership has continued to grow at an average annual rate of 30%, bringing tremendous pressure on urban transportation and causing many large- and medium-sized cities to face serious traffic congestion problems. Transportation is a key element for sustainable development and efficient operation of cities.

1. Introduction In the current era of new retail, omnichannel systems encompass both online e-commerce and physical stores. E-commerce platforms now present an extensive array of product information, which has increased search costs for consumers seeking their preferred products. To address this challenge, recommender systems have emerged as a clear stream. These systems can filter vast amounts of product data with great efficiency.

1. Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) diseases encompass disorders affecting the muscles, bones, soft tissues, joints, and spine. Throughout the entire lifespan, from infancy to old age, MSK diseases may occur, exerting an impact on work productivity and economic output. Globally, the latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study estimates that 1.71 billion people worldwide suffer from MSK [1].