Yee-Ying Lee

1. Introduction In recent years, with rising living standards and shifts in dietary habits, the global prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular diseases associated with excessive fat intake have become increasingly concerning. In response, there has been a surge of interest in functional oils. Diacylglycerol (DAG), a functional lipid, is a naturally occurring minor component in oils, comprising a glycerol backbone bonded to two fatty acid molecules.

1 INTRODUCTION Nanocellulose is a natural dietary fiber originating from plant biomass whose waste contains a high potential for reusing as high-value-added materials (Phanthong et al., 2018). Reusing plant waste enhances environmental sustainability. For instance, using dried long fibers (DLF) from the palm tree can minimize hazards caused by massive waste disposal as the highest-yielding edible oil crop in tropical countries (Lim et al., 2022).