Yin Ying

1 Introduction Etomidate is a sedative-hypnotic carboxylate ester containing an imidazole ring (Figure 1) (Jiang et al. 2021). It is metabolized primarily in the liver and acts by activating gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission, and thereby inducing central nervous system depression (Gao et al. 2023).

Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, with a globally increasing prevalence that poses significant health risks to both mothers and offspring.1 Women with GDM have a markedly elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes and are more likely to experience adverse perinatal outcomes.2 Breastfeeding has been recognized as an effective strategy to improve metabolic health in this population, associated with reduced maternal glucose...

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT We are unable to share data because the ethical requirement of our institution to prevent harm and promote fairness that benefited the enrolled subjects.