Ying-Long Peng

1 Over the past few decades, precision oncology has reshaped treatment landscape of advanced NSCLC. For patients harboring actionable oncogenic alterations, molecularly targeted therapies are now the standard. For patients without actionable drivers, immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have transformed their first-line treatment.

Abstract Although previous studies have linked body composition to immunotherapy efficacy, comprehensive multidimensional analyses with biological explanations remain lacking. This study integrated eight independent cohorts comprising 2,132 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, including five immune checkpoint inhibitor prognostic cohorts (n = 1,919), two bulk RNA-seq cohorts (n = 190), and one prospective single-cell RNA-seq cohort (n = 23).

Abstract Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally, with many patients diagnosed with advanced-stage disease. Treatment in this setting relies on systemic therapies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which promote or restore antitumour immunity by inhibiting immunosuppressive signalling pathways, are currently the most widely used immunotherapies in these patients.