Yingchun Zhou

D., M.Chen, and Y.Zhou. 2026. “A Novel Secondary-Outcome Approach to Estimating Primary Causal Effects With Unmeasured Confounders.” Biometrical Journal68, no. 3: e70139. Kong, https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.70139 1 Introduction Unmeasured confounding represents a pervasive methodological challenge that fundamentally threatens the validity of causal inference, potentially introducing substantial bias in treatment effect estimation.

Yushun Zhao National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080 China School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001 China Search for more papers by this author

Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.