Yinghua Gao

1 Introduction The repair of large bone defects presents a formidable challenge to orthopedic surgeons worldwide.[1] Although autografts and allografts are the primary preferred strategies for clinical regeneration of extensive bone defects, the wide application of these methods is, respectively, constrained by side effect issues such as donor shortage and immune response.[2] To overcome these limitations, biomaterial-based bone tissue engineering (BTE) approaches are considered ideal...