Yinglin Wang

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description lpor71756-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx15.2 MB Supporting File: lpor71756-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx. References 1, , , and , “Dual-band Infrared Imaging Using Stacked Colloidal Quantum Dot Photodiodes,” Nature Photonics 13 (2019): 277–282.

Abstract Sedative-hypnotic drugs (SHDs) carry significant risks of misuse and dependence. However, current institutional pharmacovigilance relies heavily on passive reporting, leading to substantial underreporting and data gaps. This study aimed to develop and conduct a pilot evaluation of an electronic trigger-based active surveillance model integrated into a Hospital Information System (HIS) to proactively identify high-risk prescription patterns and suspected SHD dependence.

INTRODUCTION 3-Deoxy-d-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid (KDO) is an eight-carbon sugar acid found in Gram-negative bacteria and vascular plants. In plants, KDO occurs as a residue of rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II), a domain of pectin in the primary cell wall (York et al., 1985). RG-II forms a dimer, being cross-linked with boric acid (Kobayashi et al., 1996; O'Neill et al., 1996), thereby binding pectin macromolecules to form a hydrophilic gel that surrounds cellulose microfibrils.