Yinglong Joseph

1 Introduction Continental shelves play an important role in the global carbon cycle. High biological productivity and the efficient export of carbon-enriched waters to the open ocean via the continental shelf pump mechanism (Tsunogai et al., 1999; Thomas et al., 2004) on middle- and high- latitude continental shelves are understood to contribute to globally significant oceanic uptake of atmospheric CO2 (Frankignoulle and Borges, 2001; Laruelle et al., 2014; Legge et al., 2020).