Yingshuai Li

Abstract Objective: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) modulate insulin sensitivity, but evidence on their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is inconsistent, possibly due to dynamic changes across the glycemic spectrum from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to established T2DM. This systematic review characterizes stage-specific variation in SCFAs to assess their potential value as metabolic correlates of T2DM.

Abstract Background and aims: Sarcopenia is a common geriatric syndrome that substantially impairs physical function, mobility, and quality of life in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, evidence regarding factors associated with sarcopenia in this population remains fragmented and inconsistent, and previous studies have often included mixed-age populations or provided limited quantitative synthesis specifically focused on older adults.

2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Tissue Sample Collection Fifty-five liver cancer cases’ tissues and neighbouring healthy tissues were derived from the National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. These patients had not received prior treatment, and the collected samples were preserved at −80 °C.