Yinjiao Fei

Abstract Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, with high-grade glioma (HGG) posing significant clinical challenges due to its poor survival outcomes. One-year tumor recurrence indicates a poor prognosis, making accurate progression risk prediction models critical for clinical decision-making.

1 Introduction Gliomas represent the most prevalent type of primary brain tumors, making up 81% of malignancies in the central nervous system (CNS) [1]. Due to the highly aggressive nature of gliomas, achieving complete surgical removal is often challenging, contributing to subsequent patient relapse [2]. In particular, high-grade glioma (HGG) patients exhibit recurrence rates as high as 90% [3]. Even in cases of low-grade gliomas (LGG), approximately 60% will progress to HGG upon recurrence [4].

Abstract Purpose Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard for early breast cancer, but its necessity in small tumors with clinically node-negative (cN0) status remains debated. This study evaluated the incidence of lymph node metastasis in cN0 patients to explore the feasibility of omitting axillary surgery. Methods A cohort of 579 women with unilateral small breast cancer and cN0 were enrolled from three hospitals in Jiangsu Province (March 2023–June 2024).