Yiying Hu

Abstract In first-order reliability estimation, the finite step length (FSL) method can bring improvements, but can only conditionally reduce step length and is restricted by its inability to achieve a self-adaptive step length. Thus, it often fails to balance efficiency, accuracy and robustness. This article proposes a self-adaptive finite-step length method based on the inverse tangent function ITF-FSL) to address the deficiencies of FSL.

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