Yvan Moënne-Loccoz

1 Introduction Microorganisms drive biodeterioration processes that may affect parietal art in caves subjected to excessive tourism (Martin-Sanchez et al. 2015), as found in Lascaux (France), where anthropization has changed environmental and microbiota conditions (Bastian et al. 2009; Bontemps et al. 2022). In Lascaux, chemical biocides including benzalkonium chloride (BAC) were used to treat microbial alterations, which promoted further microbiota unbalance (Martin-Sanchez et al. 2015).

1 Introduction The microbiota can mediate the host's adaptation to harsh environmental conditions (Petipas et al. 2021). In the case of plants, root-associated microorganisms have been found to promote plant growth under unfavourable environmental conditions such as drought, high salinity, and low nutrient levels (Almario et al. 2017; Fitzpatrick et al. 2019; Liu, Xun, et al. 2022).

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