Zhaoxiang Yang

Abstract Phototherapy, valued for its non-toxicity, selectivity, and minimal trauma, is predominantly applied to treat superficial diseases due to the limited penetration of light through tissues. While optical-fiber-assisted interventional phototherapy addresses this limitation, it lacks an immediate mechanism to mitigate overheating of surrounding healthy tissues.

Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description smll202308875-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf2.1 MB Supporting Information smll202308875-sup-0002-MovieS1.mp433 MB Supplemental Movie 1 smll202308875-sup-0003-MovieS2.mp428.8 MB Supplemental Movie 2 References 1, Electronics 1965, 38, 114. 2, IEEE Trans. Electron Devices 1976, 23, 648.

Abstract Natural earthworm with ability of loosening soils that favors sustainable agriculture has inspired a worldwide interests in the design of intelligent actuators. Given the inability to carry heavy loads and uncontrolled deformation, the vast majority of actuators can only perform simple tasks by bending, contraction, or elongation.