Zhenhao Yin

4. Discussion The two deforestation patterns in North Korea, namely, sloping farmland and unstocked forest, reduce the ability to withstand natural disasters. Large-scale forest fires, commercial logging, and expanding farmlands in hilly areas are the main drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in North Korea. Our results provide a comprehensive deforestation map of the two classes of deforested land.

1. Introduction Water pollution caused by global population growth and industrial expansion has become a serious problem hindering fresh water supplies. Polymers from biomass waste including plant/forest waste, biological industrial process waste, municipal solid waste, algae, and livestock waste are potential sources for renewable and sustainable resources [1]. Lignocellulose is the most abundant biomass, mainly comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and other polymers.

This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon. Open AccessReview by Chang Liu 1,†, Zhenhao Yin 2,†, Yue Hou 1, Chengri Yin 1,* and Zhenxing Yin 1,* 1 National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Chemistry Education, Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China 2 Department of Environmental Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.