Abstract Purpose: The occurrence of Descemet membrane detachment (DMD) during each surgical step of implantable Collamer lens (ICL) surgery for phakic eyes using intraoperative OCT navigation microscope, and to analyze the factors influencing DMD. Methods: The single-center retrospective case series included 100 eyes of 50 patients aged 21 to 38 years with refractive errors from July to October 2024, and all patients underwent ICL surgery with a 3.0 mm steep-axis surgical incision.