Zhenzhen Yin

1 Introduction Non-NF2-related Schwannomatosis (SWN) is a clinically and genetically distinct form of neurofibromatosis that affects 1 in 126,315 individuals worldwide. The disease is characterized by multiple non-intradermal schwannomas and a predisposition to other nervous system tumors, including meningiomas. Patients typically present with pain (46%), a mass (27%), or both (11%). Pain is the most frequent symptom reported by patients, with 68% of patients experiencing chronic pain.

Abstract NF2-related schwannomatosis (NF2-SWN) is a debilitating condition, characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) that progressively cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss. Current management relies on surgery or radiotherapy, while bevacizumab (αVEGF) is used off-label, with variable and often transient efficacy. Effective therapies that durably suppress tumor growth and preserve hearing are urgently needed.

1. Introduction Cities often drive global economic development, whereas rural areas generally supply the resources they need while bearing the resulting environmental pressure []. Based on one report, a 1.76 billion increase in the world’s urban population from 2000 to 2024 is predicted, with developing countries expected to account for 86% of this rise. []. However, extensive and rapid urbanization has spawned many environmental problems, among which air pollution is particularly serious [,].