Zikai Hu

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. References 1, , , and , “Distributed Fixed-Time Formation Tracking of Multi-Robot Systems With Nonholonomic Constraints,” Neurocomputing 313 (2018): 167–174. 2, , and , “Resilient Time-Varying Formation Tracking for Mobile Robot Networks Under Deception Attacks on Positioning,” International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control 33, no. 11 (2023): 6308–6328.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. REFERENCES 1, , , . Robust orientation-sensitive trajectory tracking of underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles. IEEE Trans Ind Electron. 2021; 68(9): 8464-8473. 2, , . Development of an autonomous surface vehicle capable of tracking autonomous underwater vehicles. Ocean Eng. 2020; 197:106868. 3, , .

1. Introduction Consensus control in multi-agent systems (MASs) is currently a prominent issue in the field of control. It refers to the continuous updating of their own states through mutual communication and local collaboration among agents in MASs, so that each agent reaches the same state [1,2,3]. Based on graph theory, MASs can achieve distributed communication by utilizing the state information and connectivity between corresponding agents and their neighbors.