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Ziphezinhle Mbhele on Muck Rack

Ziphezinhle Mbhele

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Vaccines | Free Full-Text | Evaluation of Aluminium Hydroxide Nanoparticles as an Efficient Adjuvant to Potentiate the Immune Response against Clostridium botulinum Serotypes C and D Toxoid Vaccines

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By Lungile Nomcebo Thwala, Thandeka Khoza, Ziphezinhle Mbhele, Faranani Ramagoma
| MDPI
1. Introduction Botulism is a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum toxins [1]. C. botulinum bacteria are divided into six serotypes (A–F) according to their genetic, physiological, and metabolic characteristics. Serotypes A, B, E, and, to a lesser extent, F, are responsible for human botulism, while animal botulism arise from infection with serotypes C and D, whereas C. botulinum C/D and D/C neurotoxin mosaics are mainly associated with avian botulism [2].
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