Abdulelah Algosaibi

1. Introduction The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is strategically diversifying its economy as part of its Vision 2030, moving away from its traditional reliance on oil revenues to foster a more robust, versatile economic landscape. This pivot necessitates innovative approaches to understanding and predicting economic dynamics, particularly in non-oil export sectors, which are poised to play a pivotal role in the nation’s future economic stability and growth [1,2].

You are already at the latest version This paper explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in forecasting Saudi Arabia’s non-oil export trajectories, aligning with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 objectives for economic diversification. A range of machine learning models, including LSTM, Transformers, Ensemble Stacking, Random Forest, and XGBRegressor, were employed to analyse historical export and GDP data.

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