Admas Alemu

1. Introduction The need to produce more food in less arable land arises from several key factors. With a rapidly growing global population, it is essential to increase food production to meet the rising demand. However, the availability of arable land is limited, and various challenges such as urbanization, soil degradation, and climate change are facing it.

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Genomic selection, the application of genomic prediction (GP) models to select candidate individuals, has significantly advanced in the past two decades, effectively accelerating genetic gains in plant breeding. This article provides a holistic overview of the key factors that have influenced GP in plant breeding during this period.