Akiko Yamaguchi

Aim This study investigated the current clinical status, structural barriers, and perceived outcomes of menopausal care provided by gynecologists in Japan, with a specific focus on the management of menopausal disorders among working women. Methods A web-based survey was conducted among 919 gynecologists in December 2025. Participants were categorized by weekly menopausal patient volume (none/minimal, 1–19, or ≥ 20 patients/week).

Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Abstract Previous evidence indicated that interventions with combined neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) and voluntary muscle contractions could have superior effects on corticospinal excitability when the produced total force is larger than each single intervention. However, it is unclear whether the superior effects exist when the produced force is matched between the interventions.