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Articles by Andrew Eagle
Digital support systems to improve child development in Peru: A cluster-randomized controlled open-label trial
Abstract Digital technologies have the potential to transform early childhood development (ECD) interventions by delivering personalized support at scale. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial in rural Peru to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an artificial intelligence–supported digital parenting chatbot as well as traditional home visits as interventions to improve child development.
The 3D architecture of the ctenophore aboral organ and the evolution of complex integrative centers in animals
Abstract The ability to sense and respond to environmental cues is fundamental to animal behavior and survival. In ctenophores—early-branching marine animals—a subepitheliall nerve net (SNN) underlies complex behaviors such as geotaxis, feeding, and escape. Central to this system is the aboral organ (AO), a sensory hub that detects motion, light, and pressure and coordinates ciliary movement. However, the AO’s cellular architecture and its integration with the SNN remain poorly understood.
Sympathetic nerve aggravates autoimmune skin disease via NE-adrenergic receptor axis: Neuroimmune cross-talk insights from vitiligo
Abstract The dysregulation of cross-talk between the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the immune system is closely linked to the development of autoimmune diseases. This study used vitiligo as a model to elucidate the role of the SNS in autoimmune skin diseases. Evidence from clinical and animal studies confirmed abnormal activation of the SNS in vitiligo.
Multi-isotope analysis of mammal bones provides environmental context for the adoption of agriculture in the Tehuacan Valley of Mexico
Abstract The domestication and global spread of maize (Zea mays) are pivotal processes in world history. Yet, despite the current importance of maize in global nutrition, food security, and trade, much of its origins remain debated. This paper addresses environmental explanations for the initial intensification of maize agriculture by reconstructing the paleoenvironment of the Tehuacan Valley, Puebla, Mexico.
Universal energy limits of radiation belts in planetary and brown dwarf magnetospheric systems
Abstract Radiation belts are regions of magnetically trapped particle radiation found around all of the sufficiently magnetized planets in the Solar System and recently also observed around brown dwarfs, yet despite their ubiquity, there is not yet a general theory or model to predict the uppermost energy limits that any particular magnetospheric system’s radiation belts can attain.
Transcriptional regulation of ventral hippocampus-nucleus accumbens circuit excitability drives cocaine seeking
Abstract Ventral hippocampus (vHPC) CA1 pyramidal neurons send glutamatergic projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc), and this vHPC-NAc circuit mediates cocaine seeking and reward, but it is unclear whether vHPC-NAc neuron properties are modulated by cocaine exposure to drive subsequent behavior. The immediate early gene transcription factor FosB/ΔFosB is induced throughout the brain by cocaine and is critical for cocaine seeking, but its function in vHPC-NAc neurons is not understood.
Structural vibration monitoring with diffractive optical processors
Abstract Structural health monitoring (SHM) is vital for maintaining the safety and longevity of civil infrastructure, yet current solutions remain constrained by cost, power consumption, scalability, and the complexity of data processing.
Textile suit for anywhere full-body motion capture
Abstract Wearable technology has shown notable promise for tracking human motion, offering valuable insights for fields ranging from biomechanics to healthcare. Traditional motion capture systems, however, are often bulky and disruptive, making them impractical for daily use. Advances in textile-based sensing offer a promising alternative, enabling seamless integration of air- and sweat-permeable sensors into everyday clothing.
Archeological data with AI- and physics-based modeling explain typhoon-induced disasters in inland China around 3000 yr B.P.
Abstract Climate change–related extreme events during the mid-late Holocene, especially around 3000 years before the present (yr B.P.), severely threatened human survival and cultural development at various locations. However, although marked social change during this period in China have also been reported to coincide with extreme disasters, the causes and impacts of these events remain unclear.
Subwavelength imaging with a zero-mass sonic meta-atom
Abstract Acoustic metamaterials offer powerful solutions for manipulating sound at subwavelength scales. One important application is super-resolved acoustic imaging, which relies on access to evanescent waves beyond the diffraction limit. Near-field techniques using subwavelength probes can capture these waves, revealing fine object details.
Constraining the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence around Geminga by observing the γ-ray halo beyond 100 TeV
Abstract The extended γ-ray halo surrounding an old pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is an ideal place to investigate both the acceleration and diffusion processes of cosmic rays. In this work, we report the γ-ray halo observed with high precision by the Tibet ASγ experiment at the world’s highest-energy above 100 tera–electron volt (TeV).
Structural remodeling of the mitochondrial protein biogenesis machinery under proteostatic stress
Abstract Cells have evolved organelle-specific responses to maintain protein homeostasis (proteostasis). During proteostatic stress, mitochondria down-regulate translation and enhance protein folding, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we used cryo–electron tomography to observe the structural consequences of mitochondrial proteostatic stress within human cells.
Touching with torque enables human-level robotic dexterity
Abstract Achieving human-like forceful manipulation remains a major challenge in robotics because of the lack of critical environmental interaction cues such as collisions, balance, and resistance. We present a torque-angle-pressure (TAP) tactile sensor leveraging magnetic flux density gradients to achieve bidirectional, ultrasensitive (~0.1°, ~0.4 newton-millimeter), and high-linearity (R2 = 0.99) sensing over a wide range (±241.6 newton-millimeter) through a single readout channel.
Odd-even conductance oscillations in meta-cycloparaphenylenes
Abstract Molecular-scale electronics seeks to transcend classical device paradigms by leveraging the quantum nature of charge transport. Molecular orbitals, as electron wave functions, exhibit spatially structured amplitude and nodal patterns that shape electron transmission. Yet, the spatial characteristics are difficult to resolve experimentally in single-molecule junctions.
Persistent antigen is essential for sustaining Leishmania major-specific memory CD4+ T cells and long-term immunity
Abstract Memory CD4+ T cells are central to long-term immunity, yet their persistence in the absence of antigen remains controversial. Lifelong immunity following cutaneous leishmaniasis is primarily mediated by CD4+ T cells, but whether persistent parasites are required for sustaining this immunity has not been empirically established.
In situ TEM unveils the role of residual local strain on light-induced phase segregation in halide perovskites
Abstract Deciphering the mechanisms governing photoinduced phase segregation in mixed halide perovskites is essential to unlock their full potential in stable, high-performance optoelectronic applications. We uncover the mechanism by which residual local strain acts as a key driving force of light-induced phase segregation.
Southern Hemisphere initiation of the mid-Pleistocene transition
Abstract The mid-Pleistocene transition [MPT; between ~1.25 and 0.7 million years ago (Ma)] marks when Earth’s glacial pacing switched from 41,000- to 100,000-year cyclicity. Here, we present a South Pacific hydrogenous neodymium isotope record tracking changes in deep ocean circulation spanning 1.5 to 0.5 Ma. This record indicates that the MPT was not triggered by Northern Hemisphere (NH) processes.
Compressive stress-driven Piezo1 activation and Rho-ROCK mechanotransduction promote tumor progression via epigenetic mechanical memory
Abstract Rapidly growing tumors experience high tissue-level forces, particularly when growing within a restricted space. These require counteracting by intracellular forces to prevent tissue damage. Here, we reveal the ion channel Piezo1 as a mechanosensor of compressive force, activating Rho–Rho kinase (ROCK) mechanotransduction to generate intracellular forces and enhancing malignant characteristics of tumors. Compressive stress promoted cancer growth in vivo in a Rho-ROCK–dependent manner.
Myelin sheaths persist for weeks following axon degeneration
Abstract Axon degeneration underlies clinical deficits in traumatic injuries and neurodegenerative disease. It is not clear how myelinating oligodendrocytes are directly affected by or respond to axon injury and loss. Here, we combined intravital imaging with laser axotomy or single neuron ablation to determine the longitudinal responses by oligodendrocytes that myelinate the degenerating axon. We find that while axons rapidly degenerate, myelin sheaths devoid of axon can persist for weeks.
Unidirectional exceptional point of reflectionless states in a magnonic mirror array
Abstract Exceptional points (EPs) in non-Hermitian systems are singularities where both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce. In scattering systems, EPs correspond to the merging of scattering states, leading to reflectionless (RL) behavior. A reflectionless exceptional point (RL EP) arises when two RL states further coalesce, yielding an anomalous quartic spectral response. While RL EPs have been explored in bidirectional systems, their unidirectional realization remains elusive.
Leveraging bond dissociation kinetics to tune shear-thickening behavior in dynamic covalent tetra-PEG hydrogels
Abstract Dynamic covalent cross-links impart hydrogels with viscoelastic and self-healing properties, motivating applications as biomimetic cell scaffolds and injectable materials. The long bond lifetime results in complex rheological behavior including shear thickening. We hypothesized that this behavior applies broadly across dynamic covalent hydrogels and can be engineered through reaction rate constants.
Real-time direct detection of Criegee intermediates from ozonolysis of alkenes in an atmospheric simulation chamber
Abstract Ozonolysis reactions are key oxidation mechanisms for unsaturated volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere, generating Criegee intermediates (CIs) that drive subsequent chemistry. Photolytic laboratory sources of certain CIs have demonstrated unexpectedly high CI reactivity but bypass the complex dynamics that occur in the atmosphere during ozonolysis, which affect yields and reactivity.
Cis-regulatory evolution reveals sensory trade-offs as a genetic basis for temporal niche evolution in tapirs
Abstract Evolutionary shifts in diel activity patterns shape sensory remodeling across mammals, yet the genetic basis remains poorly understood. Tapirs represent a unique natural experiment, having reverted from a cathemeral ancestor to a nocturnal niche characterized by reduced vision but enhanced hearing and olfaction. Here, we investigate the genetic basis of this phenomenon by generating high-quality chromosome-level genomes for Tapirus terrestris and Tapirus indicus.
Differential SP4 expression and HSP60 abundance in buccal swabs from patients with schizophrenia
Abstract Schizophrenia (SCZ) is heterogenous and polygenic, making it difficult to diagnose and treat. This is expected as diagnostic criteria are solely based on behavioral markers. There is a critical need for easy-to-collect biomarkers that aid in treatment. To identify potential biomarkers, we recruited patients with SCZ and controls.
Refined chronologies of magnetochron M0r reveal asynchronous terrestrial and marine carbon isotope responses to Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a
Abstract The base of magnetochron M0r has been informally used to calibrate the onset of Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a) and place the Barremian-Aptian boundary; however, its precise age remains a subject of debate. Here, we present a 1497.5-m continuous drill core from the Lower Cretaceous lacustrine Jiufotang Formation in North China.
Ultrashort electron pulse generation with single-femtosecond-level jitter
Abstract Ultrashort electron bunches with precise pump laser synchronization and adequate charge are fundamental for time-resolved techniques like ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) and advanced light sources. Here, we achieve electron chopping and compression through a single terahertz (THz)–driven device, producing 50-femtosecond, near-femtocoulomb (fC) electron pulses with 1.4-femtosecond arrival time jitter sustained over an hour.
Scalable Mie-Silk textile for dual-mode personal cooling indoors and outdoors
Abstract Radiative cooling textiles are typically designed for specific indoor or outdoor conditions, limiting their environmental adaptability. Here, we report a continuously spun molecular interface–engineered silk (Mie-Silk) that integrates radiative and conductive cooling for effective body temperature regulation in diverse settings.
Vγ1 γδ T cells steer airway macrophages toward a profibrotic response in an autochthonous lung cancer mouse model
Abstract γδ T cells are important for host defense at the respiratory mucosa, acting directly or through interactions with other cells. However, how γδ T cells influence other immune cells in the lung remains unclear. Using a genetically engineered mouse model of lung cancer, we show that tumors drive expansion of both CD27+ and CD27− γδ T cells.
Design and preclinical feasibility of a pediatric heart valve stent that spontaneously adapts to growth via a spring mechanism
Abstract Congenital heart valve defects often require surgical intervention for survival. Now, there are no valve prosthetics on the market that are designed for babies and toddlers who grow rapidly. Recent advancements in expandable valves hold promise for these young patients but currently require invasive balloon catheter procedures for device expansion.
Cocaine, via ΔFosB, remodels gene expression and excitability in ventral hippocampus
Abstract Ventral hippocampus (vHPC) CA1 pyramidal neurons send glutamatergic projections to nucleus accumbens (NAc), and this vHPC-NAc circuit mediates cocaine seeking and reward, but it is unclear whether vHPC-NAc neuron properties are modulated by cocaine exposure to drive subsequent behavior. The immediate early gene transcription factor ΔFosB is induced throughout the brain by cocaine and is critical for cocaine seeking, but it's function in vHPC-NAc neurons is not understood.
How new minimum unit pricing in Scotland will change consumer behaviour – NIQ analysis - Drinks Retailing
By Andrew Eagle, senior analytics executive, NIQ June 18, 2024 In May 2018 Scotland became the first country in the world to introduce minimum unit pricing for alcohol at a rate of 50p per unit. The scheme aimed to save lives, reduce hospital admissions, and improve the overall health of the population. The Scottish government has now voted to increase the rate to 65p a unit from September 30. Shopper behaviour will change as a result.
Own-label’s BWS rollercoaster – NIQ analysis - Drinks Retailing
By Andrew Eagle, senior analytics executive, NIQ March 25, 2024 For years the long-term trend in supermarkets was for own-label to increase share as shoppers came to realise that the quality had improved and it was an easy way to save money versus a branded equivalent. When the first lockdown hit in March 2020, the pendulum swung back the other way. This can be attributed to people wanting comforting and familiar things in times of crisis.
Astrocytes control cocaine-induced synaptic plasticity and reward through the matricellular protein hevin
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Rescue of deficits by Brwd1 copy number restoration in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome - Nature Communications
Abstract With an incidence of ~1 in 800 births, Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal condition linked to intellectual disability worldwide. While the genetic basis of DS has been identified as a triplication of chromosome 21 (HSA21), the genes encoded from HSA21 that directly contribute to cognitive deficits remain incompletely understood.
Residence Tuileries, Pied à Terre Residences, Paris, France
Were Were you standing on the banks of the Seine around 50 BC, you might have heard the lamentations of the freshly conquered Parisii tribe, watching in vain as engineers of the Roman legions set about constructing camp on the left bank of the river. Little did those Romans know that the settlement they would initially name Lutetia would go on to become one of the world's treasure troves of culture, cuisine and all things beautiful.
Akt-mTOR hypoactivity in bipolar disorder gives rise to cognitive impairments associated with altered neuronal structure and function
Acosta-Jaquez H.A. Keller J.A. Foster K.G. Ekim B. Soliman G.A. Feener E.P. Ballif B.A. Fingar D.C. Site-specific mTOR phosphorylation promotes mTORC1-mediated signaling and cell growth. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2009; 29: 4308-4324 Andjelković M. Alessi D.R. Meier R. Fernandez A. Lamb N.J. Frech M. Cron P. Cohen P. Lucocq J.M. Hemmings B.A. Role of translocation in the activation and function of protein kinase B. J. Biol. Chem. 1997; 272: 31515-31524 Bagot R.C. Cates H.M. Purushothaman I.
Circuit-specific hippocampal ΔFosB underlies resilience to stress-induced social avoidance
Abstract Chronic stress is a key risk factor for mood disorders like depression, but the stress-induced changes in brain circuit function and gene expression underlying depression symptoms are not completely understood, hindering development of novel treatments.
Epigenetic Regulation of Hippocampal Fosb Expression Controls Behavioral Responses to Cocaine
Research Articles, Cellular/Molecular Paula A. Gajewski, Andrew L. Eagle, Elizabeth S. Williams, Claire E. Manning, Haley Lynch, Colin McCornack, Ian Maze, Elizabeth A. Heller and A.J. Robison Journal of Neuroscience 16 October 2019, 39 (42) 8305-8314; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0800-19.2019 Abstract Drug addiction results in part from maladaptive learning, including the formation of strong associations between the drug and the circumstances of consumption.
Corporate training needs a Bangladeshi spin
Importing corporate training modules is fraught with danger. It’s time to recognise the uniqueness and strengths of Bangladeshi corporate culture, and for training providers to tailor sessions accordingly. For a while, the honey hunters of the Sundarbans took to wearing masks on the backs of their heads. They sought to fool tigers, which usually attack from behind.
Life lesson in Sylhet
Away from the news. Away from the enormity of a planet on the brink. Away from inner restlessness there is yet life. It’s what I learnt in Sylhet. It was morning, it was sweltering. Still, I was fortunate to be back after several years. Sylhet’s precinct along the northern bank of the Surma River, alongside the Keane Bridge and Amjad Ali’s clock tower, is one of those iconic adda spots that live on in the mind.
Epigenetic regulation of hippocampal FosB expression controls behavioral responses to cocaine
Research Articles, Cellular/Molecular Paula A. Gajewski, Andrew L. Eagle, Elizabeth S. Williams, Claire E. Manning, Haley Lynch, Colin McCornack, Ian Maze, Elizabeth A. Heller and A.J. Robison Journal of Neuroscience 2 September 2019, 0800-19; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0800-19.2019 Abstract Drug addiction results in part from maladaptive learning, including the formation of strong associations between the drug and the circumstances of consumption.
Androgen-dependent excitability of mouse ventral hippocampal afferents to nucleus accumbens underlies sex-specific susceptibility to stress
To view the full text, please login as a subscribed user or purchase a subscription. Click here to view the full text on ScienceDirect. Figure 1 Selective female susceptibility to SCVS and to vHPC-NAc hyper-excitability. (A) Schematic depicting stressors used in SCVS (top) and experimental time course of stress and sucrose preference (bottom). (B) Only female mice displayed reduced sucrose preference after SCVS.
At home in the saddle
She's determined and courageous: at the tender age of twelve, Tasmina Aktar from Chak Subolpur village in Naogaon's Dhamoirhat upazila has quite a reputation in horse racing circles. The seventh-grade student is accustomed to placing first or second in any race. As a jockey she's participated in around fifty events. Tasmina is a girl undeterred, happy to compete in a sport usually reserved for men. “Horse riding is my passion,” she says.
Natore's princess poet
For seven generations from the early-eighteenth century, the zamindars of Dighapatia near Natore were landlords of a vast estate, with land parcels as far afield as Jessore and Mymensingh. Such was the prominence of the dynasty founded by Dayaram Roy that the successive landlords were awarded various titles including maharaja by the Mughal court, and later honours by the British.
Bloom and grow, forever
In and around Mathorpara village, in Gaibandha's Shaghata upazila, it's become usual for every newborn child to be welcomed into the world with the planting of a tree. The tradition began three years ago by 28-year-old visual artist Gopal Chandra Barmon, as an extension of a tree-planting hobby carried from boyhood. “A baby and a sapling have something in common,” Gopal says. “Both are free from wrongdoing. I hope that each baby, like each tree, will keep that same reputation as they grow.
Cost of floating farms on the rise
In wetland areas of Pirojpur, farming on floating seedbeds called “dhap” is a tradition that spans centuries. Primarily constructed from water hyacinth, the seedbeds that are up to 180 feet long, four feet wide and two feet thick, allow farming in areas otherwise unavailable for regular crops. But this year, the rising cost of floating cultivation has farmers worried.
Jessore School Teacher: Never late, absent in 31-year career
Every school day morning like clockwork, maths and science teacher Satyajit Biswas is to be seen on his bicycle, commuting the seven kilometres from his Kucholia village home in Jessore's Monirampur upazila to Dhopadi Secondary School. In the course of his 31-year career at the school, Satyajit has never arrived late. He has never taken sick leave. Bangladesh is blessed with many dedicated teachers, but few could match his attendance record. “I never set out to achieve anything grand,” he says.
Wired for development
Business was always a struggle in Rupsha Bazar, a market on a Jamuna River shoal in Sirajganj. For many years, small business operators were at the mercy of costly diesel to run generators for electricity. Then, in February 2017, local concern Solargaon Limited backed by the government-owned Infrastructure Development Company Limited (IDCOL) opened a Tk 5.14 crore solar power mini-grid that changed the area's economic outlook and transformed home life as well.
Rivers of fish
The waterways in Madaripur's Shibchar upazila are proving to be an unexpected blessing for local fish farmers. Tilapia cultivation in rivers and waterholes is increasingly popular, with over 450 floating cages already taking advantage of this innovative and low-cost farming method. “I saw a television programme about fish farming in cages, back in 2011,” says Tanjil Ahmad, 48, from Sheikhpur village. “It made me decide to farm fish. I went to Chandpur for two weeks to observe it being done.
Fishes from natural resources disappearing in Bagerhat
With increased salinity in many waterways, following more-than-usual evaporation during last dry season, around 49 of the fish species that naturally occur in Bagerhat and the Sundarbans are struggling to maintain their numbers. The illegal use of current nets and using poison as a fishing technique are adding to the degradation in fish biodiversity. Locals and experts alike are worried that if the trend continues, some species may be lost entirely.
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