Barbara S Nikolajczyk

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors have no conflict of interest. REFERENCES 1. What is obesity?: definition as a disease, with implications for care. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2023; 52(2): 261-275. 2, , , . Obesity: pathophysiology and management. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71(1): 69-84. 3, , , , , . New obesity classification criteria as a tool for bariatric surgery indication. World J Gastroenterol. 2016; 22(2): 681-703. 4, , , et al. The relationship between obesity and other medical comorbidities.

Mini-Review Leena P. Bharath and Barbara S. Nikolajczyk Abstract The biguanide metformin is the most commonly used antidiabetic drug. Recent studies show that metformin not only improves chronic inflammation by improving metabolic parameters but also has a direct anti-inflammatory effect. In light of these findings, it is essential to identify the inflammatory pathways targeted by metformin to develop a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of action of this drug.

Obesity-induced inflammation has taken center stage as a driving force in metabolic disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). As the epidemic of obesity deepens, it has become imperative to dissect mechanisms by which obesity-induced inflammation contributes to increased cancer morbidity. Recent studies have shown that increased breast cancer mortality rates are associated with obesity-related T2D.