Choon Looi Bong

1 INTRODUCTION Pediatric anesthesia poses significant challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the risks of adverse events and mortality are disproportionately higher than in high-income countries (HICs).1, 2 While pediatric anesthesia-related mortality rates in HICs range from 0.01% to 0.05%, these rates can be up to three times higher in LMICs, highlighting a critical disparity in patient outcomes.1, 2 Adverse events during pediatric anesthesia occur in...

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT Rajeev S. Iyer, hereby declares that he is the founder of IMG Secrets, a coaching platform for medical graduates. He wishes to clarify that his proprietary interests in IMG Secrets remain separate from his scholarly contributions to this article. Rajeev S. Iyer acknowledges that he has received research funding as a Principal Investigator (PI) from the Masimo Foundation.

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