1 Introduction Neuroimaging studies using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can characterize changes in the human brain during development, disease, and aging by examining brain measures or imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs). Several large datasets are publicly available, including cross-sectional datasets, like the Healthy Brain Network (Alexander et al. 2017), and longitudinal datasets, such as the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) (Jack et al.