Dahai Luo

Editor’s summary The cytosolic receptor retinoic acid–inducible gene I (RIG-I) is a critical sensor of viral RNA and does not typically respond to self-RNA. However, RIG-I gain-of-function mutations have been described in individuals with autoimmune disorders. Here, Satoh et al. observed that a mouse model expressing a RIG-I patient variant (E373A) developed spontaneous lupus-like nephritis, and this was linked to monocyte chemotaxis and interstitial inflammation that resulted in renal dysfunction.

Abstract Positive-sense RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-1 and -2, DENV, and CHIKV, replicate in curved membrane compartments within host cells. Non-structural proteins (nsPs) critically regulate these nanoscale membrane structures, yet their curvature-dependent assembly remains elusive due to the challenges of imaging nanoscale interaction on curved surfaces.

1. Introduction Supersonic turbulent separation commonly exists in flows around flight vehicles and also in internal combustors. The accurate prediction of turbulent separated flows and a clear understanding of flow physics are important for the better design of flight vehicles. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has become an invaluable tool in the design and development of aerospace vehicles.