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1 Introduction Voltage-gated calcium channels serve as the principal conductors of the entry of calcium ions (Ca2+) into a range of electrically excitable cells within the body (Catterall 2023). Elevated intracellular calcium levels have been associated with a broad spectrum of physiological functions including neurotransmitter release, hormone secretion, and muscle contraction (Bkaily and Jacques 2023).

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study. References , , and . 2025. “Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Studies of 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Tethered Sulfa-Azo Derivatives via Hydrazono-Methyl Bridge.” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 45, no. 1: 1–18. , and . 2024.

Supporting Information Filename Description chir70033-sup-0001-Supplementary_Material.docWord document, 1,020 KB Data S1. Supporting Information References 1, , , , and , “5-Oxo-Hexahydroquiniline: An Attractive Scaffold With Diverse Biological Activities,” Molecular Diversity 23 (2019): 471–508.