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Articles by Eric Aird
The use of homology-directed repair in a complex landscape of genome editors
Genome editing is maturing from a one-size-fits-all system into a highly specialized ecosystem that includes a dizzying array of tools. In this Comment, we discuss the current and future use of Cas-induced homology-directed repair for precise genetic modification, as it complements an ever-expanding genome editing toolbox.
An SP110–SP100 axis is a critical regulator of promyelocytic leukaemia body dynamics and mitotic fidelity
Abstract Stimulation of the innate immune system by foreign RNA elicits a potent interferon response and can trigger cell death. The mechanisms by which cells balance a robust response with cell-intrinsic lethality are still being uncovered. Here, using genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 genetic screens with triphosphorylated RNA stimulation, we discover that promyelocytic leukaemia (PML) nuclear body-localized speckled protein 110 (SP110) is a potent inhibitor of type 1 interferon-driven cell death.
ERCC6L2 ensures repair fidelity for staggered-end DNA double-strand breaks - Nature Communications
Abstract DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) both pose threats to genome integrity and are commonly used for genome editing applications. Structural features of DSB ends play key roles in determining DNA repair pathway usage and outcomes during genome editing, but the cellular factors involved in these processes are only partially known.
Targeted DNA ADP-ribosylation triggers templated repair in bacteria and base mutagenesis in eukaryotes - Nature Biotechnology
Abstract Base editors create precise genomic edits by directing nucleobase deamination or removal without inducing double-stranded DNA breaks. However, a vast chemical space of other DNA modifications remains to be explored for genome editing. Here we harness the bacterial antiphage toxin DarT2 to append ADP-ribosyl moieties to DNA, unlocking distinct editing outcomes in bacteria versus eukaryotes.
A split-site E3 ligase mechanism enables ZNFX1 to ubiquitinate and cluster single-stranded RNA into ubiquitin-coated nucleoprotein particles
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Keywords innate immunity E3 ubiquitin ligase helicase ZNFX1 nucleic acid sensor non-canonical ubiquitination Introduction Innate immunity targets microbial invaders via pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).1 Viruses are typically recognized by the presence of nucleic acids (NAs) in incorrect cellular compartments.
By Daniel B. Grabarczyk, Eric Aird, Paul C. Kirchgatterer, Julian F. Ehrmann, Robert Kurzbauer, Lillie Bell, Max J. Kellner, Ritika Aggarwal, Alexander Schleiffer, Anton Meinhart, Gijs A. Versteeg, Josef M Penninger, Lukas S. Stelzl, Moritz M. Gaidt, Ingrid Tessmer, Jacob Corn, Tim Clausen, Vanessa Reznikow, Victoria Faas, Luiza Deszcz
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Cell Press
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Genome editing with the HDR-enhancing DNA-PKcs inhibitor AZD7648 causes large-scale genomic alterations - Nature Biotechnology
Abstract The DNA-PKcs inhibitor AZD7648 enhances CRISPR–Cas9-directed homology-directed repair efficiencies, with potential for clinical utility, but its possible on-target consequences are unknown. We found that genome editing with AZD7648 causes frequent kilobase-scale and megabase-scale deletions, chromosome arm loss and translocations.
SP110 sequestration of SP100 protects against toxic filaments during innate immune signaling
Abstract Stimulation of the innate immune system by foreign RNA elicits a potent response against invading pathogens and can trigger cell death. The mechanisms by which cells balance a robust response with cell-intrinsic lethality are still being uncovered. Employing genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 genetic screens with triphosphorylated RNA stimulation, we identify speckled protein 110 (SP110) as a potent negative regulator of type 1 interferon-driven cell death.
Recursive Editing improves homology-directed repair through retargeting of undesired outcomes - Nature Communications
Abstract CRISPR-Cas induced homology-directed repair (HDR) enables the installation of a broad range of precise genomic modifications from an exogenous donor template. However, applications of HDR in human cells are often hampered by poor efficiency, stemming from a preference for error-prone end joining pathways that yield short insertions and deletions.
Making CRISPR hype more of a reality
This year, we celebrate 10 years of genome editing with CRISPR. The system is often referred to as molecular scissors, and this designation is quite accurate for its first applications. These short 10 years were marked by stunningly swift development and a great promise to cure thousands of genetic diseases with relative ease—with a single treatment dose that specifically corrects disease-causing DNA mutations in the body's cells. Sickle cell anemia and muscular dystrophy are two such diseases.
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