This article is part of Bain's 2024 M&A Report. While many a tech acquisition starts with lofty aspirations for groundbreaking new capabilities and growth that can be unlocked by combining the tech from the target with the acquirer’s portfolio, rarely do these product synergies materialize. Companies may dutifully write product synergies into the deal thesis, but they then typically fail to provide the funding and rigorous planning required to make them happen.