The deadly H5N1 strain of bird flu has now been found in a second state, South Australia, after earlier being identified in Western Australia. Authorities have confirmed three seabirds have died of the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus. It is too early to know if H5N1 has spread beyond these animals to other wildlife or livestock in Australia. But it appears very much a matter of when, not if, this happens. Globally, H5N1 has already devastated wildlife populations.