Fahimeh Akbarian

1 Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading neuroinflammatory disease in young adults, affecting the central nervous system (CNS) (Dobson and Giovannoni 2019). MS lesions can occur in multiple locations of the CNS, causing a large variety of symptoms ranging from physical to cognitive impairments (Dobson and Giovannoni 2019; Stadelmann et al. 2011).

Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description cge70062-sup-0001-DataS1.xlsxExcel 2007 spreadsheet , 48.4 KB Data S1: Supporting information. cge70062-sup-0002-DataS2.docxWord 2007 document , 10.4 MB Data S2: Supporting information. References 1, , , et al., “Loss-Of-Function Mutations in MICU1 Cause a Brain and Muscle Disorder Linked to Primary Alterations in Mitochondrial Calcium Signaling,” Nature Genetics 46, no. 2 (2014): 188–193.

Abstract In multiple sclerosis (MS), working memory (WM) impairment can occur soon after disease onset and significantly affects the patient’s quality of life. Functional imaging research in MS aims to investigate the neurophysiological underpinnings of WM impairment. In this context, we utilize a data-driven technique, the time delay embedded-hidden Markov model, to extract spectrally defined functional networks in magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data acquired during a WM visual-verbal n-back task.