Gerardo Rojas-Piloni

Abstract The sensorimotor cortex is crucial for learning and executing new movements with precision (Nudo & Frost, 2007). It selectively modulates sensory information flow and represents motor information in a spatially organized manner (Canedo, 1997; Chen et al., 2017). The pyramidal system is made up layer 5 pyramidal tract neurons (PTNs), which are organized into populations with distinct morphological, genetic and functional properties.

Introduction Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes dysfunction of the spinal cord at and below the level of injury, followed by impairments such as motor and sensory paralysis. Depending on the extent of the injury, spontaneous recovery is limited and often results in serious sequelae. Worldwide, one million people are affected by SCI each year, yielding a significant social loss (GBD 2016 Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury Collaborators, 2019).

1. Introduction In the mammalian central nervous system, GLP1 is mainly secreted by preglucagonergic neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius (Larsen et al., 1997) that project widely to many regions of the brain, including the hypothalamus, amygdala, brain stem and cerebellum (Vrang et al., 2007; Llewellyn-Smith et al., 2011).