Giulia Ora Paris

Keywords plastid endosymbiosis evolution dinoflagellate secondary plastid tertiary plastid photosynthesis algae haptophyte dinotom Introduction The gain and spread of photosynthesis in eukaryotes have demonstrated just how profoundly the process of endosymbiosis has shaped the evolution and diversity of complex cellular life on Earth.1,2 Although oxygenic photosynthesis first evolved in cyanobacteria, the endosymbiotic gain of photosynthetic organelles within eukaryotes—chloroplasts and other...

Abstract The plastids of photosynthetic organisms on land are predominantly primary plastids derived from an ancient endosymbiosis of a cyanobacterium. Conversely, marine photosynthetic diversity is dominated by plastids gained by subsequent endosymbioses of photosynthetic eukaryotes, so-called complex plastids.

Creating Jewish programs through Kabbalah We have a recent phenomenon in Judaism of often running Jewish event programming that is missing a feeling of enough connection to Judaism. For example, at a Sukkot or Hanukkah gathering, out of a random sample of people coming out of such events feeling like they did not have a deep feeling of connection with the event. If we want Jews to connect with Torah and Judaism in new ways, we need to do so with more care.