Hélder Novais Bastos

Introduction Pleural infection is a well-documented condition, firstly described by Hippocrates, with reported increasing incidence [1–6] attributed to aging population with chronic illnesses [2, 3, 7, 8]. Frequently arising as a complication of pneumonia, pleural infection progresses through different stages, initially the exudative phase, followed by the fibrinopurulent stage and ultimately the organising stage.

Keywords ILD Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Transbronchial lung biopsy Cryobiopsy Bronchoalveolar lavage BAL Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. REFERENCES 1. Costabel, U. ∙ Miyazaki, Y. ∙ Pardo, A. ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020; 6 2. Sema, M. ∙ Miyazaki, Y. ∙ Tsutsui, T. ... Environmental levels of avian antigen are relevant to the progression of chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis during antigen avoidance Immun Inflamm Dis. 2018; 6:154-162 3.

Maria Jacob, Hélder Novais Bastos, Patrícia Caetano Mota, Natália Melo, Rui Cunha, José Miguel Pereira, Susana Guimarães, Conceição Souto Moura, António Morais ERJ Open Research 2019 5: 00203-2019; DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00203-2019 Abstract Introduction Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is an endoscopic technique proven to be useful in diagnostic approach to interstitial lung disease (ILD), but its role in sarcoidosis is not fully established.