Hilal Çapar Akyüz

1 Introduction Hatchery conditions play a critical role in the poultry industry (Archer 2017). These conditions are particularly significant because embryonic growth and development initiate within the egg (Onbaşılar et al. 2018). As the fundamental structures of the chick form during the embryonic period, any intervention at this stage can substantially impact its welfare and subsequent performance. Key factors in hatcheries include disinfection (Taşdemir et al. 2021; Coulibaly et al.

1 Introduction Animal waste can be utilised as a raw material for feed preparation and, after proper processing, can also be transformed into fuel, fertiliser, biogas and other valuable products. Furthermore, effectively using these wastes eliminates the need for their disposal. Recycling animal waste is a key aspect of the circular economy and promoting environmental sustainability (Iskakov and Sugirbay 2023). The broiler industry is the sector where animal production is most intense.

1 Introduction Animal waste can be utilised as a raw material for feed preparation and, after proper processing, can also be transformed into fuel, fertiliser, biogas and other valuable products. Furthermore, effectively using these wastes eliminates the need for their disposal. Recycling animal waste is a key aspect of the circular economy and promoting environmental sustainability (Iskakov and Sugirbay 2023). The broiler industry is the sector where animal production is most intense.