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Articles by Ian Mark
PCB Design Fundamentals: A new microcredential from Siemens and Arizona State University
Every circuit board that powers a phone, a satellite or a surgical device started as a schematic drawn by someone who understood exactly how to turn an idea into a manufacturable product. However, PCB design isn’t exactly a skill that most engineers learn as part of a degree program. Most engineering graduates leave school knowing circuit theory, electronics fundamentals, math, programming and engineering analysis.
What is PCB design? Exploring one of the most in-demand careers in engineering
Look around you right now. Your phone, your laptop, your car’s dashboard, the microwave in your kitchen, even the pacemaker keeping someone’s heart in rhythm: all of it runs on printed circuit boards (PCBs). These small, unassuming pieces of engineered material are the backbone of nearly every electronic device we touch, yet many people have never considered who designs them or how they are designed.
Why most heavy equipment manufacturers are missing the full potential of AI
Why most heavy equipment manufacturers are missing the full potential of AI This article explains why most heavy equipment manufacturers are stuck using AI as a task-automation tool, and what it takes to turn AI into a true design partner grounded in a company’s own engineering history.
Solving GPU starvation for enterprise AI workloads
This article explains why enterprise GPUs sit idle and how orchestration fixes it. This applies to on-prem and hybrid enterprise HPC environments running GPU-accelerated AI, simulation and EDA workloads. Right now, in most data centers, a GPU that costs more than most cars is sitting idle. It’s not broken. It’s not powered down. It’s just waiting. That’s the quiet, expensive irony at the center of enterprise AI right now.
From Modernization to Mandate: Why AI Makes Siemens Xcelerator as a Service the Industrial Cloud Standard
Is your organization actually ready to compete on AI? Industrial infrastructure used to change at a generational pace, with decisions playing out over years, not quarters. AI has compressed that pace into months. What was once a smart modernization move, shifting to cloud-native architecture, is now table stakes for any manufacturer trying to win on speed, collaboration and AI capability. Any executive still filing cloud migration under routine IT spend has already fallen behind the competition.
How to maximize ROI from your HPC investments: Real-world results with Siemens HPCWorks
This article explains how enterprises can maximize return on investment from HPC infrastructure by implementing intelligent workload orchestration across hybrid cloud environments. You’ll see real-world results from three organizations that achieved 3-4x scaling improvements, 20x faster provisioning and mission-critical agility through optimized HPC management. Cloud HPC spending is rising across enterprises.
Why industry credentials hold the key to solving the engineering skills gap
The engineering skills gap is growing wider by the day, and the consequences are more serious than just delayed hires. For manufacturers, this gap creates bottlenecks that stall innovation, slow down scaling efforts and hinder strategic business goals. But while many companies scramble to fill positions or struggle with underqualified teams, others are finding a smarter way forward: industry credentials designed to meet the exact needs of today’s engineering roles.
Why HPC inefficiency costs more than you think: The data behind the performance gaps
This article explains how compute infrastructure inefficiency leads to excessive business costs and what IT leaders can do to optimize high-performance computing (HPC) environments for stronger ROI and faster innovation. High-performance computing has become essential infrastructure for organizations pursuing digital transformation, AI-driven innovation and digital twin initiatives.
How to evaluate industrial cloud partners: 5 criteria for accelerating manufacturing digital transformation
Manufacturing companies are rapidly adopting cloud technology to enable digital transformation across design, production and service operations. However, selecting the right cloud partner presents a strategic challenge: generic cloud solutions often lack manufacturing-specific capabilities, while fragmented point solutions create data silos that delay return on investment and other complications.
Cloud migration success stories: How manufacturers accelerate Digital Transformation with Siemens Xcelerator
This article examines how four manufacturers (from startups to Fortune 500 enterprises) successfully migrated to cloud platforms using Siemens Xcelerator as a Service, achieving measurable ROI through reduced infrastructure costs, faster innovation cycles and enhanced global collaboration. For C-suite executives, the warning signs about legacy infrastructure are becoming harder to ignore. Development cycles can’t keep up with market demands and outdated tools are holding back engineering teams.
Why industrial cloud adoption requires purpose-built platforms: Key considerations for manufacturing leaders
Industrial cloud computing for Digital Transformation Industrial organizations face a critical strategic decision: migrate to cloud infrastructure built for AI-era manufacturing, or risk competitive obsolescence. This article explains why cloud migration requires purpose-built platforms and what to evaluate before choosing a partner.
Learn how Siemens is helping students design a more sustainable future
Engineering students and professionals alike are craving education on sustainable design practices. These learners are keenly aware that in order to create a more sustainable, economically successful and stable future, radical changes in product and packaging design are needed. To address this challenge, Siemens Digital Industries Software is proud to offer several exciting courses on Coursera aimed at equipping learners with the skills needed for sustainable design.
Author Correction: Human cerebrospinal fluid net flow enhanced by respiration during the awake state - Nature Communications
Correction to: Nature Communications https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-66548-4, published online 13 December 2025 In the version of this article initially published, there were several typographical errors, inconsistencies in statistics, and errors in reporting. The errors were minor and do not affect the results, interpretation or conclusion of the study. For transparent comparison, a list of the changes is available as Supplementary information accompanying this amendment.
Benefits of Engineering Student Competitions
Engineering student competitions have become one of the most powerful ways for students to gain practical engineering experience, build career-ready skills and stand out in a competitive job market. Whether you’re majoring in mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science or other programs, like business or marketing, joining a competition team can accelerate your learning far beyond what’s possible in the classroom.
What are engineering student competitions? - Academic and Future Workforce
Engineering student competitions are hands-on, team-based challenges that allow students to apply engineering principles to real-world problems. Instead of focusing on grades or predefined solutions, these competitions emphasize problem definition, design decisions, testing and performance under authentic constraints. Students can now register for the FREE Expedite – Skills for Competitions microcredential from Siemens.
Multiplanar Reformatted Imaging of the Temporal Bone
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How Arizona State University is redefining education and lifelong learning through microcredentials - Siemens Software Podcast Network
In fields like AI, microelectronics and digital manufacturing, the distance between what the workforce knows and what industry needs is widening at an alarming pace. According to the World Economic Forum, nearly 40 percent of workers’ core skills will change dramatically or become obsolete by 2030, underlining that lifelong learning is now an urgent imperative.
Deep Learning-Based Acceleration in MRI: Current Landscape and Clinical Applications in Neuroradiology
ABBREVIATIONS: ACS artificial intelligence–assisted compressed sensingAI artificial intelligenceAiCE Advanced intelligent Clear-IQ EngineCNN convolutional neural networkCS compressed sensingDL deep learningDLBIR deep learning–based image reconstructionDR-B Deep Resolve BoostDR-G Deep Resolve GainDR-S Deep Resolve SharpDR-SwB Deep Resolve Swift BrainGAN generative adversarial networkPF partial FourierPI parallel imagingSR-DLR Super Resolution-DLRZIP zero-filling interpolation The inherently...
Siemens powers sustainable skills development with a growing catalog of quality-assured sustainability credentials
Hello, Siemens learners! We’re thrilled to share some exciting news about the continuous growth and recognition of our sustainability learning offerings.
Developing a sustainable future through Immersive Engineering: 2026 Immersive Design Challenge
In a world where digital transformation continues to redefine how we design, build and innovate, the connection between physical and virtual worlds has never been more important. Siemens and Sony are inviting higher education students around the world to be part of that transformation through the 2026 Immersive Design Challenge.
How grit and teamwork drive Michigan Baja’s off-road excellence - Academic and Future Workforce
For many engineering students, it’s difficult to get a true grasp on what it’s like to face unbounded, dynamic challenges until they enter industry. Whether it’s working within evolving automotive regulations or designing components to withstand the extreme conditions of outer space, the demands of industry require not just technical skills but grit, flexibility and the ability to collaborate within (and across) teams.
How the Michigan Solar Car Team navigated trials and triumphs across 3,000 kilometers in the Australian Outback - Academic and Future Workforce
Imagine a race where every watt counts, where the sun is your power source and the wind is your fiercest opponent across 3,000 kilometers in one of the most unforgiving landscapes on Earth. This is the Bridgestone World Solar Challenge: an intense four-to-seven-day odyssey across the heart of the Australian Outback. For the Michigan Solar Car Team, it’s the ultimate test of innovation, endurance and teamwork, a challenge they embrace with passion and precision.
Pituitary Photon-Counting Detector CT for Cushing Disease: Preoperative Lesion Localization, Intraoperative Findings, and Postoperative Outcomes
ABBREVIATIONS: AM morningACTH adrenocorticotropic hormoneCD Cushing diseaseCTDIvol volume CT dose indexEID-CT energy-integrating detector CTIPSS inferior petrosal sinus samplingPCD-CT photon-counting detector CT SUMMARY PREVIOUS LITERATURE: MRI is the standard imaging modality to evaluate for pituitary adenomas causing Cushing disease but is known to miss lesions. Accurate pre-operative adenoma detection leads to better outcomes and is imperative to improving patient care.
Application of Convolutional Neural Network Denoising to Improve Conebeam CT Myelographic Images
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Irregular Cervicothoracic Nerve Sheaths on Digital Subtraction Myelography: A CSF Venous Fistula Mimic
ABBREVIATIONS: CVF CSF-venous fistulaDSM digital subtraction myelographySIH spontaneous intracranial hypotension SUMMARY PREVIOUS LITERATURE: Prior studies have described the use of digital subtraction myelography (DSM) for the identification of CSF-venous fistulas (CVF). As more centers start to perform these procedures, it’s important for proceduralists to be aware of myelographic pitfalls that can mimic CVF.
Must hear moments from Engineering the Future Workforce in 2025
Looking for fresh perspectives on preparing tomorrow’s engineering talent? On the Engineering the Future Workforce podcast, we’ve had the exciting opportunity to interview a wide variety of forward-thinking educators, engineering leaders and students. Below, we’re recapping some of the most exciting moments from the podcast to date, from sustainable engineering skills development to quality-assured credentials, the value of emerging tools like immersive design and more.
An Updated Review on Cervical Artery Dissections: Evolution of Imaging Findings, Medical and Endovascular Management, and New Imaging Frontiers
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How to accept digital credentials and manage your profile on Credly
Digital credentials are an excellent way to validate your knowledge, skills and abilities. Whether you’re a student augmenting your degree or a professional preparing for a new role, digital credentials show others that you’ve put in the time to learn and gain new skills. However, all that time and effort you put into earning new credentials is lost if you don’t share them with your network and employers.
Intraplaque Hemorrhage Volume and Ischemic Stroke Risk
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ABET CFO and COO Jessica Silwick shares how credentials are shaping the future of engineering education
To keep pace with digital transformation, lifelong learning has transformed from an asset to a necessity for engineers and other technical professionals. Professionals across all sectors are seeking ways to upskill and reskill to stay relevant, especially those in technical roles. But how can learners and employers alike ensure the quality and relevance of these new educational pathways?
Get hands-on with expert-level simulation: Simcenter 3D Student Edition
In today’s engineering world, mastering early-stage simulation is essential for mechanical engineers. Yet, for many students, the concept might seem a bit elusive. So, what exactly does simulation-based engineering entail, and why is it so crucial? Consider these questions when designing a product: Will this bracket withstand the load? How long until we face fatigue failure? Is my design too noisy? Is my motor correctly sized for this torque?
Building the next generation of intelligent manufacturing talent at Sichuan Polytechnic University
According to the World Manufacturing Foundation, 74 percent of manufacturing companies globally report an acute lack of high-skilled workers, and 94 percent expect to hire or repurpose talent as they adopt Industry 5.0 technologies. By 2030, more than half of the advanced manufacturing workforce will require upskilling to keep pace with digital transformation.
Free Siemens software for students: How to download and get started - Academic and Future Workforce
When students ask, “what Siemens software is free for students?” the answer is: quite a lot. Siemens doesn’t just provide CAD tools, it offers a complete engineering ecosystem that spans design, simulation, manufacturing and production. This means you can learn the same tools used by professional engineers in the aerospace, automotive, energy and consumer product industries among others.
How To Write An Engineering Student Resume
For engineering students, your resume offers an opportunity to make a strong professional impression on recruiters and hiring managers. Before you have the chance to explain your projects in an interview, your resume has to stand out in a recruiter’s stack or pass through an Applicant Tracking System (ATS). Think of it as your personal marketing document: your resume represents not just what you’ve studied but how you can contribute to solving important engineering problems.
Learn how Florida International University is leading the way in additive manufacturing, biotechnology and more with academic-industrial partnerships
Florida International University’s (FIU) College of Engineering and Computing has emerged as a powerhouse for cutting-edge research and industry collaboration. As a Carnegie R1 University, FIU has reported over $1 billion in research expenditures in the last five years, with $306 million in 2023-2024.
Rethinking talent acquisition: Dean Ian O. Williamson shares key insights for cultivating the future workforce
In today’s rapidly shifting industrial landscape, businesses are being challenged not just by market forces or emerging technologies — but by a critical shortage of talent. According to Boston Consulting Group, the U.S. now needs approximately 400,000 new engineers each year to meet demand but, nearly one in three of those roles go unfilled annually due to the skills gap. This persistent shortfall is a wake-up call for employers to rethink how they attract, develop and retain engineering talent.
The skills that matter most: Insights from Siemens USA CEO Barbara Humpton
In today’s complex, fast-changing work environments, there’s a growing need to complement technical expertise with durable skills. As Barbara Humpton, CEO of Siemens USA pointed out on the Engineering the Future Workforce podcast, it’s often the “skills for life” — like collaboration, adaptability and the ability to continuously learn — that truly set high achievers apart.
Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension Probabilistic Brain MRI Scoring Systems in Normal Patients
Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Probabilistic brain MRI scoring systems have been introduced to stratify the likelihood of identifying a CSF leak at myelography in spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). The Bern scoring system by Dobrocky and colleagues is now well recognized, with a scoring system by Benson and colleagues introduced more recently (referred to as the Mayo score in this study). Neither of these scoring systems have been thoroughly evaluated in patients without SIH.
Three critical soft skills for every engineer: Insights from 26,000 job postings - Academic and Startups
Have you ever wondered what skills employers value most in engineering hires? In February of 2024, the Journal of Engineering Education published a study titled “What engineering employers want: An analysis of technical and professional skills in engineering job advertisements.” This study reviewed 26,103 job advertisements to find the most in-demand technical and professional skills (also known as durable or soft skills).
How immersive tools and student innovation are shaping the future of engineering - Siemens Software Podcast Network
What happens when students are handed advanced immersive technology, real-world mentorship and a pressing sustainability challenge? You get Battery Twin XR, a student-led solution designed to improve EV battery recycling through digital twin innovation. In the latest episode of the Engineering the Future Workforce podcast, Dora Smith of Siemens spoke with Suavi Yildirim, a master’s student in autonomy technologies and leader of the winning team in the Siemens-Sony Immersive Design Challenge.
Is engineering education ready for the biggest industrial transformation in a century? Two educators share perspectives
Students entering today’s workforce will face one of the most dramatic industrial transformations in a century. From the rise of electric vehicles to the shift toward renewable energy, the landscape is evolving faster than traditional education models were ever designed to accommodate.
Additional Diagnostic Value of Conebeam CT Myelography Performed After Digital Subtraction Myelography for Detecting CSF-Venous Fistulas
Abstract BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: CSF-venous fistulas (CVFs) are a common cause of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. The diagnosis and precise localization of these fistulas hinges on specialized myelographic techniques, which mainly include decubitus digital subtraction myelography and decubitus CT myelography (by using either energy-integrating or photon-counting detector CT).
How engineering students can gain a competitive edge with credentials with Sophie Overstreet and Hani Qaqish of Siemens Digital Industries Software
Credentials do more than validate skills, competencies and learnings — they build confidence and connect education to industry. Whether landing an internship or advancing a career, credentials like certifications or digital badges help engineers and other professionals stand out in a competitive job market.
AI, ethics and the future of engineering education with Dr. Jacqueline El-Sayed
As digital technologies rapidly advance and industries undergo profound shifts, academic institutions must rethink how they prepare students for the workforce. In the latest episode of our Engineering the future workforce podcast, we sat down with Dr. Jacqueline El-Sayed, outgoing CEO of the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) and incoming CEO of SAE International, to discuss how the rise of AI, immersive learning and global connectivity is reshaping education.
CSF-Venous Fistulas Arising Intraosseously within Bone Remodeled by Meningeal Diverticula
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High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Parasellar Ligaments
ABBREVIATIONS: MWCS medial wall of the cavernous sinusNEX number of excitations The cavernous sinus is a complex structure that houses critical anatomy such as the ICAs and cranial nerves.1 Recent studies have underscored the importance of the medial wall of the cavernous sinus (MWCS) in improving outcomes for functional pituitary adenoma surgery.2 Within the cavernous sinus, the parasellar ligaments are important structures that extend from the MWCS to the ICAs and cranial nerves.3 Despite...
Spinal CSF Leaks: The Neuroradiologist Transforming Care
Classifying the different types of spinal CSF leaks has contributed to our better understanding of their anatomy and pathophysiology and has led to advances in diagnosis and treatment.
Recensie: Drakenstreken - Ian Mark
Jack is een monsterjager en als Londen geteisterd wordt door een draak loopt hij weg van huis om de draak te verslaan. Als zijn vader, zijn monsterjager vriendinnetje Nancy en opleider Stuip merken dat hij weg is gaan ze achter hem aan. Lukt het Jack om de draak te verslaan? Of kunnen zijn vader en vrienden hem ervan weerhouden? Drakenstreken van Ian Mark is het derde deel in de serie Monsterjagen.
7T MRI for Cushing Disease: A Single-Institution Experience and Literature Review
7T MRI for Cushing Disease: A Single-Institution Experience and Literature Review Ian T. Mark, Kirk Welker, Dana Erickson, Derek R. Johnson, Girish Bathla, Steven Messina, Paul J. Farnsworth, Jamie Van Gompel American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2024, DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8209
Impact of SUSAN Denoising and ComBat Harmonization on Machine Learning Model Performance for Malignant Brain Neoplasms
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Feature variability in radiomics studies due to technical and magnet strength parameters is well known and may be addressed through various pre-processing methods. However, very few studies have evaluated downstream impact of variable pre-processing on model classification performance in a multi-class setting. We sought to evaluate the impact of SUSAN denoising and ComBat harmonization on model classification performance.
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