Lei Xing
Albuquerque
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Articles by Lei Xing
The complexity paradox of generalist AI agents in medicine: exploring GPT-5 for real-world multimodal medical diagnosis
Abstract The next generation of medical AI systems that integrate language understanding, web data retrieval, and multi-step reasoning are demonstrating increasing promise as potential diagnostic aids in technical evaluations. However, their real world diagnostic performance, explainability, and reliability remain unclear. We conducted a systematic quantitative analysis of ten GPT-5-based configurations on 161 clinician validated real world cases.
An explainable generative AI system for video-to-report generation in capsule endoscopy
Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases remain a significant global health burden due to elevated morbidity and mortality. Accurate and timely diagnosis, especially for small-bowel conditions, remains challenging because capsule endoscopy (CE) videos last 6–12 hours and require prolonged manual review. While artificial intelligence has advanced CE analysis, integrated video-to-report generation remains largely unexplored.
Ammonia at the net-zero crossroads
Abstract Ammonia is indispensable for food production and an emerging carbon-free energy vector, yet its synthesis via the fossil-fuelled Haber–Bosch process makes it a major source of carbon dioxide. We introduce the Ammonia Rainbow, a classification framework combining physics-based modelling, learning-curve analysis, and life-cycle sustainability assessment to evaluate net-zero transitions across eight ammonia production technologies.
Configurational pathways to disability among older adults: evidence from a biopsychosocial perspective
Abstract The issue of disability among older adults is increasingly recognized as a critical concern across domains such as family dynamics, public health, and social security. Disability not only compromises the quality of life of older individuals but also imposes substantial burdens on family caregivers and the broader social welfare system.
Co-Evolution of the Activity and Thermostability of ( R )-Transaminase Ac TA by Data-Driven Exploration of Combinatorial Mutagenesis Space Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse Biotechnology and Biological TransformationsMay 15, 2026 Co-Evolution of the Activity and Thermostability of (R)-Transaminase AcTA by Data-Driven Exploration of Combinatorial Mutagenesis Space Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Lei Xing Lei Xing Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China Weixian Luo Weixian Luo Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese...
Clinical implementation of an automated VMAT treatment planning script for head and neck cancer patients: three-year experience
Abstract Purpose: To assess the impact of implementing an in-house automated volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning script for patients with head and neck (HN) cancer. Methods: The automated planning script was implemented at our institution in April 2020. During validation, 10 auto-plans were compared with 10 corresponding manual plans for dosimetric indices, Five radiation oncologists blindly reviewed these plans for clinical acceptability and treatment preference.
Retraction Note: BMP2 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its effects on SCC9 cell biological behavior - Scientific Reports
Retraction of: Scientific Reports https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-96274-2, published online 04 April 2025 The Editors have retracted this Article. After publication, concerns were raised that images had been duplicated between panels in Figure 4. The Editors requested all original data underlying the study and found that the metadata for Figure 4A indicated the time course of the siRNA wound-healing assays was inaccurately reported.
CystoDS: a multiclass endoscopy image dataset for artificial intelligence-assisted bladder cancer detection - Scientific Data
Abstract Cystoscopy is a common endoscopic procedure used for the visual inspection of the lower urinary tract, particularly for the detection and surveillance of bladder cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) strategies could help address the recognized shortcomings of cystoscopy by identifying malignant and non-malignant regions of interest (ROIs) and providing real-time clinical decision support for biopsy and surgical resection.
Scheimpflug Camera–Based Technique for Multipoint Displacement Monitoring of High-Speed Railway Bridges | Journal of Structural Engineering | Vol 152, No 4
Get full access to this article View all available purchase options and get full access to this article. Data Availability Statement Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
The North Atlantic Subtropical Front and Countercurrent: Role of Mode Water in Their Seasonal Variability and Decadal Changes Forced by NAO
1 Introduction The Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) is a near-surface eastward flow in the low-latitude of the subtropical gyre, flowing opposite to the westward flow predicted by the Sverdrup theory (Kobashi et al., 2006; Uda & Hasunuma, 1969).
Digital-electrode-based mesoscale analysis of degradation in solid oxide fuel cell anode
Keywords solid oxide fuel cell three-dimensional reconstruction digital electrode heterogeneous model nickel coarsening Introduction The world is facing severe energy and environmental issues, and there is an urgent need to develop renewable energy and sustainable technologies.1,2,3,4 Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are essential for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction owing to their high energy conversion efficiency and broad fuel applicability.5,6,7 However, the porous anode...
UAV Vision-Based Method for Multi-Point Displacement Measurement of Bridges
Submitted: 03 December 2025 You are already at the latest version The challenge of insufficient monitoring accuracy in vision-based multi-point dis-placement measurement of bridges using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) stems from camera motion interference and the limitations in camera performance.
Revealing neurocognitive and behavioral patterns through unsupervised manifold learning of dynamic brain data
Abstract Dynamic brain data are becoming increasingly accessible, providing a gateway to understanding the inner workings of the brain in living participants. However, the size and complexity of the data pose a challenge in extracting meaningful information across various data sources. Here we introduce a generalizable unsupervised deep manifold learning for exploration of neurocognitive and behavioral patterns.
[2511.09138] Trusted Multi-view Learning for Long-tailed Classification
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
A UAV Vision-based Deformation Monitoring Method With 3D Scale Constraints
Submitted: 07 November 2025 You are already at the latest version Aiming at the problem of the scale difference between the measurement area model and the real model caused by low-quality images and low-precision control points in the vi-sion three-dimensional deformation monitoring by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which affects the accuracy of deformation monitoring, the paper develops a spatial 3D scale used to provide high-precision scale information, and puts forward a 3D...
CircLRBA Promotes Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition, Immune Evasion, Chemoimmunotherapy Resistance and Metastasis Through Stabilizing Twist1
1 Introduction Breast cancer (BC) has surpassed lung cancer to become the tumor with the highest incidence rate among women in 157 countries globally, and is also a leading cause of cancer death in women.[1] In the future, the number of newly diagnosed BC patients is expected to increase by ≈3 million cases every year compared with 2020.
Unveiling tissue heterogeneity through genomic interaction-encoded image representation of RNA-sequencing data
Keywords RNA sequencing decomposition deep learning Get full text access Log in, subscribe or purchase for full access. References 1. Jovic, D. ∙ Liang, X. ∙ Zeng, H. ... Single-cell RNA sequencing technologies and applications: A brief overview Clin. Transl. Med. 2022; 12, e694 2. Van de Sande, B. ∙ Lee, J.S. ∙ Mutasa-Gottgens, E. ... Applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in drug discovery and development Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 2023; 22:496-520 3. Janjic, A. ∙ Wange, L.E. ∙ Bagnoli, J.W. ...
Automated contouring, treatment planning, and quality assurance for total marrow lymphoid irradiation
1 Introduction Total marrow irradiation (TMI) and total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) offers improved OAR sparing for patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) by selectively targeting marrow and lymphoid tissue rather than irradiating the entire body as in TBI.
Enhanced Menaquinone Biosynthesis by Engineering 2-Succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate Synthase MenD to Alleviate Feedback Inhibition in Bacillus subtilis
Cite Jump to ExpandCollapse Research ArticleAugust 28, 2025 Enhanced Menaquinone Biosynthesis by Engineering 2-Succinyl-5-enolpyruvyl-6-hydroxy-3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate Synthase MenD to Alleviate Feedback Inhibition in Bacillus subtilis Click to copy article linkArticle link copied! Xian Sun Xian Sun Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China Science Center for Future Foods, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan...
Nano‐NbC‐Induced Microstructural and Mechanical Improvements in GH4099 Nickel‐Based Superalloys
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. References 1, , J. Mater. Res. Technol. 2024, 30, 4424. 2, , , , , , , , Scr. Mater. 2023, 224, 115109. 3, , , , , Acta Mater. 2021, 202, 232. 4, , , Intermetallics 2022, 149, 107667. 5, , , Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 2014, 24, 339. 6, , , , , , Metall. Mater. Trans. A 2014, 45A, 6016. 7, , , , , J. Alloys Compd. 2018, 735, 928. 8, Scr. Mater. 2003, 49, 663. 9, Scr. Mater. 2003, 49, 657. 10, , , Metall. Mater. Trans. A 2004, 35, 1669. 11, , , , , J. Mater.
Hierarchical clustering and optimal interval combination (HCIC): a knowledge-guided strategy for consistent and interpretable spectral variable interval selection
Hierarchical clustering and optimal interval combination (HCIC): a knowledge-guided strategy for consistent and interpretable spectral variable interval selection Variable selection is crucial for the accuracy of spectral analysis and is typically formulated as an optimization problem using regression techniques. However, these data-driven methods may overlook physical laws or mechanisms, leading to the deselection of physically relevant variables.
Designing a porous catalyst support to enhance mass transfer for fuel cells using a data-driven pore-scale modeling framework
Keywords fuel cell porous carbon mass transfer lattice Boltzmann method machine learning Introduction Hydrogen energy, as a promising type of renewable energy, plays a significant role in achieving net-zero carbon emissions.1 Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) can efficiently convert hydrogen energy into electric energy2 and have been applied widely in many fields due to their advantages of high power density, rapid response, and low-temperature operation.3 Currently, challenges...
Trajectory prediction via proposal guided transformer with out way attention - Scientific Reports
Abstract The accurate prediction of the behavior of surrounding agents is crucial for the safe operation of autonomous vehicles. Currently, the dominant approach involves manually defining rules, which often fail to cover all potential scenarios. To address the rigidity and challenges of generalizing these rules to real-world driving contexts, we introduce a novel attention mechanism called “Out Way Attention”.
Interaction Between Organic Carbon Conversion and Microbial Metabolism in Marginal Seas Sediments During Hydrodynamic Sorting Processes
Supporting Information References , , , , , , & (2020). The effect of sediment grain properties and porewater flow on microbial abundance and respiration in permeable sediments. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 3573. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-60557-7 , , , , , , et al. (2017). Tracing particulate matter and associated microorganisms in freshwaters. Hydrobiologia, 800(1), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-017-3260-x , , , , , & (2021).
Match made in heaven: Here is all we know about CATL-Nio battery swap partnership
It was meant to be, and it was just a matter of time before it happened. Nio, the world’s leading battery swapping operator which made battery swapping a viable business model, and CATL, the world’s largest EV battery supplier which is also expanding its own battery swapping station network, are coming together to create a powerful alliance to build the world’s largest battery swapping network.
Durable and Active Fe-N-C Assisted by Fe Nanoparticle and Graphitic Layers for Efficient Carbamate Decomposition During Amine‐Based Carbon Capture
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adfm202414293-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx3.6 MB Supporting Information References 1, , , , Nat. Clim. Change 2017, 7, 243. 2, Science 2009, 325, 1599. 3, Science 2009, 325, 1652. 4, , , , , , , , Appl. Catal. B: Environ. Energy 2024, 351, 124000. 5, , , , , , , ACS Catal. 2024, 14, 1083. 6, , , , , , , , , Gas Sci. Eng. 2023, 120, 205152. 7, , , , , , , , , , Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 1249.
Deep-and-Wide Learning: Enhancing Data-Driven Inference via Synergistic Learning of Inter- and Intra-Data Representations
[Submitted on 28 Jan 2025] Title:Deep-and-Wide Learning: Enhancing Data-Driven Inference via Synergistic Learning of Inter- and Intra-Data Representations View a PDF of the paper titled Deep-and-Wide Learning: Enhancing Data-Driven Inference via Synergistic Learning of Inter- and Intra-Data Representations, by Md Tauhidul Islam and Lei Xing View PDF Abstract:Advancements in deep learning are revolutionizing science and engineering.
Fixed-Time Command-Filtered Control for Nonlinear Systems with Mismatched Disturbances
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Interpretable discovery of patterns in tabular data via spatially semantic topographic maps - Nature Biomedical Engineering
Abstract Tabular data—rows of samples and columns of sample features—are ubiquitously used across disciplines. Yet the tabular representation makes it difficult to discover underlying associations in the data and thus hinders their analysis and the discovery of useful patterns. Here we report a broadly applicable strategy for unravelling intertwined relationships in tabular data by reconfiguring each data sample into a spatially semantic 2D topographic map, which we refer to as TabMap.
[2410.05436] Discovering distinctive elements of biomedical datasets for high-performance exploration
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Efficient Dynamic Phase Splitting Driven by Centrifugal Force for CO2 Capture from Flue Gas using Biphasic Solvents
Abstract Click to copy section linkSection link copied! Carbon dioxide (CO2) chemisorption using biphasic solvents has been regarded as a promising approach, but challenges remain in achieving efficient dynamic phase-splitting during practical implementation. To address this, the centrifugal force was innovatively adopted to enhance the coalescence and separation of immiscible fine droplets within the biphasic solvent.
Localization and recognition of human action in 3D using transformers - Communications Engineering
Abstract Understanding a person’s behavior from their 3D motion sequence is a fundamental problem in computer vision with many applications. An important component of this problem is 3D action localization, which involves recognizing what actions a person is performing, and when the actions occur in the sequence. To promote the progress of the 3D action localization community, we introduce a new, challenging, and more complex benchmark dataset, BABEL-TAL (BT), for 3D action localization.
Genetic Structure and Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Growth and Reproductive Traits in Fengjing Pigs
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Bi‐functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles induced cooperation of fluorine‐silicone heterogeneous rubbers with designable low‐temperature resistance
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article. Supporting Information Filename Description pat6544-sup-0001-Figures.docxWord 2007 document , 1 MB Figure S1: SEM images of 9–1 (fluorine-silicone rubber mass ratio of 9:1). Figure S2: FTIR spectra of SiO2 before and after bi-functional modification.
China EVs & More: Episode 169
Tu starts the podcast out talking about his experience at the MOVE London event where he hosted two panel discussions. Lei then pivots to update everyone on the latest news about potential tariffs the Chinese govt are considering in retaliation for the EU tariffs on Chinese EVs. Tu and Lei then take a few moments to digest and unpack what it all means. They move onto the latest partnership announcement between JLR and Chery and how this falls in line with Stellantis and Volkswa...
Optimizing cystoscopy and TURBT: enhanced imaging and artificial intelligence - Nature Reviews Urology
Abstract Diagnostic cystoscopy in combination with transurethral resection of the bladder tumour are the standard for the diagnosis, surgical treatment and surveillance of bladder cancer. The ability to inspect the bladder in its current form stems from a long chain of advances in imaging science and endoscopy. Despite these advances, bladder cancer recurrence and progression rates remain high after endoscopic resection.
Numerical Simulations of the Impact of CaO/Al2O3 on the Structure and Crystallization Behavior of Red Mud
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
China EVs & More on Apple Podcasts
171 episodes Electric Vehicle (EV) & mobility experts Tu Le and Lei Xing plug you in to all the latest going's on in the 🇨🇳EV & mobility space that are sure to have effects on the 🇺🇸 and 🇪🇺 regions. Specifically, Tu and Lei dissect the week’s most important news coming out of the China EV/Autonomous Driving (AV), chip, battery, ride-hailing, shared & micro-mobility verticals.
Functional synergy of a human-specific and an ape-specific metabolic regulator in human neocortex development - Nature Communications
Abstract Metabolism has recently emerged as a major target of genes implicated in the evolutionary expansion of human neocortex. One such gene is the human-specific gene ARHGAP11B. During human neocortex development, ARHGAP11B increases the abundance of basal radial glia, key progenitors for neocortex expansion, by stimulating glutaminolysis (glutamine-to-glutamate-to-alpha-ketoglutarate) in mitochondria.
[2404.15262] An Alternative Method to Identify the Susceptibility Threshold Level of Device under Test in a Reverberation Chamber
arXiv:2404.15262 (eess) View PDF Comments: Subjects: Signal Processing (eess.SP); Systems and Control (eess.SY) Cite as: arXiv:2404.15262 [eess.SP] (or arXiv:2404.15262v1 [eess.SP] for this version) Related DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/URSIGASS57860.2023.10265628 Submission history From: Tian Hong Loh [ view email] [v1] Tue, 23 Apr 2024 17:52:16 UTC (598 KB) Bibliographic Tools Bibliographic Explorer Toggle Bibliographic Explorer () Litmaps Toggle Litmaps (What is Litmaps?) scite.ai Toggle...
Highly stretchable GR/TPU strain sensor based on one-step electrospun fibrous yarns for wearable devices
Highly stretchable GR/TPU strain sensor based on one-step electrospun fibrous yarns for wearable devices Fibrous yarn-based wearable devices have attracted increasing interest in human motion detection. However, challenge remained on the fabricating process and the sensing performance of fibrous yarns. In this work, highly stretchable graphene (GR)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) strain sensor have been prepared based on the one-step electrospun TPU nanofibrous yarns.
Introduction to special issue on seabed prospecting technology
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