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Articles by Lepton Physics
Composite asymmetric dark matter assisted by primordial black holes evaporation
We investigate a cogenesis scenario for composite asymmetric dark matter framework: a dark sector has a similar strong dynamics to quantum chromodynamics in the standard model, and the dark-sector counterpart of baryons is the dark matter candidate. The Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes plays the role of a source of heavy scalar particles whose CP-violating decay into quarks and dark quarks provides particle-antiparticle asymmetries in baryons and dark matter, respectively.
CGC-induced longitudinal ridge in p-Pb collisions
Eur. Phys. J.
Heavy quarkonia in a non-extensive medium
Eur. Phys. J.
Dynamics of identified particles production in oxygen-oxygen collisions at TeV using EPOS4
Eur. Phys. J. A (2024) 60: 207 https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01419-y Regular Article - Theoretical Physics Dynamics of identified particles production in oxygen–oxygen collisions at TeV using EPOS4 1, 2b, 3 and 4 1 University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Wayne State University, 666 W.
Holographic spin alignment for vector mesons
We develop a general framework for studying the spin alignment ρ00 for flavorless vector mesons by using the gauge/gravity duality. Focusing on the dilepton production through vector meson decay, we derive the relation between production rates at each spin channel and meson’s spectral function in a thermal medium, which can be evaluated by holographic models for a strongly coupled system.
Antiflow of mesons in the high baryon density region
The E895 and STAR experiments demonstrate that the slopes of directed flow with respect to rapidity (dv1/dy|y=0) of mesons are negative in the low transverse momentum (pT) region, pT<0.8GeV/c, in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3.0–3.9GeV. Using the transport model JAM, we investigate the directed flow of π±, K±, and K0 as functions of rapidity, pT, and collision energy in Au+Au collisions at the same energies as those in the E895 and STAR experiments.
Impact of the magnetothermoelectric effect on the diffusion of conserved charges in hot and dense hadronic matter
We investigate the thermoelectric effect, which describes the generation of an electric field induced by temperature and conserved charge chemical potential gradients, in the hot and dense hadronic matter created in heavy-ion collisions. Utilizing the Boltzmann kinetic theory within the repulsive mean-field hadron resonance gas model, we evaluate both the diffusion thermopower matrix and diffusion coefficient matrix for the baryon number (B), electric charge (Q), and strangeness (S).
Supervised, semisupervised, and unsupervised learning of the Domany-Kinzel model
Figure 6 The CNN output layers averaged learning results [P0(p) and P1(p)] over a test set for (a) the Wolfram rule 90 (L=12, t=60); (b) the CDP(L=8, t=64); (c) the bond DP (L=8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32; t=50, 60, 80, 115, 152, 194, 240); (d) the site DP (L=12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40; t=60, 80, 115, 152, 194, 240, 288, 340); (e) the Wolfram rule 90 (L=16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40; t=80, 115, 152, 194, 240, 288, 340); and (f) the CDP (L=12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32; t=145, 256, 400, 576, 784, 1024).
Nuclear Structure Effects on Hyperfine Splittings in Ordinary and Muonic Deuterium
Precision spectroscopy of hyperfine splitting (HFS) is a crucial tool for investigating the structure of nuclei and testing quantum electrodynamics. However, accurate theoretical predictions are hindered by two-photon exchange (TPE) effects. We propose a novel formalism that accounts for nuclear excitations and recoil in TPE, providing a model-independent description of TPE effects on HFS in light ordinary and muonic atoms.
External-magnetic-field-induced paramagnetic squeezing effect in heavy-ion collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
In noncentral heavy-ion collisions, the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) encounters the most intense magnetic field ever produced in nature, with a strength of approximately ∼1019−20 gauss. Recent lattice QCD calculations reveal that the QGP exhibits paramagnetic properties at high temperatures. When an external strong magnetic field is applied, it generates an anisotropic squeezing force density that competes with pressure gradients resulting from the purely QGP geometric expansion.
Global constraint on the jet transport coefficient from single-hadron, dihadron, and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$-hadron spectra in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
Modifications of large transverse momentum single-hadron, dihadron, and γ-hadron spectra in relativistic heavy-ion collisions are direct consequences of parton-medium interactions in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The interaction strength and underlying dynamics can be quantified by the jet transport coefficient q̂.
System-size and shape dependencies of collective-flow fluctuations in relativistic nuclear collisions
Article Text (Subscription Required) Click to Expand References (Subscription Required) Click to Expand Issue Vol. 109, Iss. 6 — June 2024 Access Options Buy Article » Log in with individual APS Journal Account » Log in with a username/password provided by your institution » Get access through a U.S. public or high school library » Article part of CHORUS Accepted manuscript will be available starting 26 June 2025.
Curvature of the chiral phase transition line from the magnetic equation of state of ($2+1$)-flavor QCD
We analyze the dependence of the chiral phase transition temperature on baryon number and strangeness chemical potentials by calculating the leading order curvature coefficients in the light and strange quark flavor basis as well as in the conserved charge (B, S) basis.
Far-from-equilibrium slow modes and momentum anisotropy in an expanding plasma
The momentum distribution of particle production in heavy-ion collisions encodes information about thermalization processes in the early-stage quark-gluon plasma. We use kinetic theory to study the far-from-equilibrium evolution of an expanding plasma with an anisotropic momentum-space distribution. We identify slow and fast degrees of freedom in the far-from-equilibrium plasma from the evolution of moments of this distribution.
Effects of tensor spin polarization on the chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions
Effects of tensor spin polarization (TSP) on the chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions are studied in Polyakov loop extended Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model. For chiral phase transition, the higher the polarized degree of quark-antiquark pairs under the strong magnetic field, the higher the phase transition temperature. The TSP corrects the position of the critical end point.
Baryon Electric Charge Correlation as a Magnetometer of QCD
The correlation between net baryon number and electric charge, χ11BQ, can serve as a magnetometer of QCD. This is demonstrated by lattice QCD computations using the highly improved staggered quarks with physical pion mass of Mπ=135 MeV on Nτ=8 and 12 lattices. We find that χ11BQ along the transition line starts to increase rapidly with magnetic field strength eB≳2Mπ2 and by a factor 2 at eB≃8Mπ2.
Asymmetric jet shapes with two-dimensional jet tomography
Two-dimensional (2D) jet tomography is a promising tool to study jet medium modification in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. It combines gradient (transverse) and longitudinal jet tomography for selection of events with localized initial jet production positions. It exploits the transverse asymmetry and energy loss that depend, respectively, on the transverse gradient and jet path length inside the quark-gluon plasma (QGP).
Heavy quark potential and jet quenching parameter in a rotating D-instanton background
Eur. Phys. J.
Coupled-channel description of charmed heavy hadronic molecules within the meson-exchange model and its implication
Motivated by the first observation of the double-charm tetraquark Tcc+(3875) by the LHCb Collaboration, we investigate the nature of Tcc+ as an isoscalar DD* hadronic molecule in a meson-exchange potential model incorporated by the coupled-channel effects and three-body unitarity. The D0D0π+ invariant mass spectrum can be well-described and the Tcc+ pole structure can be precisely extracted.
Phase structure and critical phenomena in two-flavor QCD by holography
We explore the phase structure of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) with two dynamical quark flavors at finite temperature and baryon chemical potential, employing the nonperturbative gauge/gravity duality approach. Our gravitational model is tailored to align with state-of-the-art lattice data regarding the thermal properties of multiflavor QCD.
Heavy quarkonium spectral function in an anisotropic background
In this paper, we use a five-dimensional Einstein-dilaton-two-Maxwell holographic QCD model to investigate the dissociation effects of J/Ψ and ϒ(1S) states in an anisotropic medium by calculating their spectral functions. First, we present the holographic quarkonium masses at zero temperature via physics-informed neural networks.
Polarization-based cyclic weak value metrology for angular-velocity measurement
Weak measurement has been proven to amplify the detection of changes in meters while discarding most photons due to the low probability of postselection. Previous power-recycling schemes enable the failed postselection photons to be repeatedly selected, thus overcoming the inefficient postselection and increasing the precision of detection.
Linear Boltzmann transport for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Inelastic processes and jet modification
A linear Boltzmann transport (LBT) Monte Carlo model has been developed to describe jet propagation and interaction with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A complete set of elastic-scattering processes and medium-induced gluon emissions based on the higher-twist formalism are incorporated for both jet shower and medium recoil partons.
Mass splitting and spin alignment for mesons in a magnetic field in NJL model
Eur. Phys. J. C (2024) 84: 299 https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12643-7 Regular Article - Theoretical Physics Mass splitting and spin alignment for mesons in a magnetic field in NJL model 1,2a, 1, 1 and 1 1 Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE) and Institute of Particle Physics, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, China 2 INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via G.
Rotation effect on the deconfinement phase transition in holographic QCD
The impact of rotation on the deconfinement phase transition under the Einstein-Maxwell system of the soft and the hard wall models in holographic quantum chromodynamics is studied in this paper. The metric by cylindrical coordinates with rotation is introduced into the system to calculate the Hawking temperature. The first holographic study on the influence of the radius of a homogeneous rotating system on the phase diagram is proposed.
Impact of limited statistics on the measured hyperorder cumulants of net-proton distributions in heavy-ion collisions
Hyperorder cumulants C5/C1 and C6/C2 of net-baryon distributions are anticipated to offer crucial insights into the phase transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter in heavy-ion collisions. However, the accuracy of C5 and C6 is highly contingent on the fine shape of the distribution's tail, the detectable range of which could be essentially truncated by low statistics.
Electromagnetic and hadronic decay of fully heavy tetraquarks
In this study, we compute the electromagnetic and hadronic decay widths of the S-wave fully heavy tetraquark T4Q (Q=c or b) at lowest order in αs and v, in the framework of nonrelativistic QCD. The short-distance coefficients are determined through the standard procedure of matching. The nonperturbative long-distance matrix elements are related to the phenomenological four-body Schrödinger wave functions at the origin, whose values are taken from literature.
Design and preliminary test results of the charge sensitive amplifier for gain-less charge readout in high-pressure TPC
paper Design and preliminary test results of the charge sensitive amplifier for gain-less charge readout in high-pressure TPC Y. Yang1,2 , T. Liang3, C. Gao3, D. Zhang3, K. Chen3, H. Wang3, J. Liu3, L. Liu3, Y. Qiao3, Z. Hu3, X. Sun3, X. Tian4, Z. Song5 and G. Huang3 Published 13 March 2024 • © 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab , , Citation Y.
Energy dependence of $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ production in $pp$ collisions from the PACIAE model
In this work we investigate the J/ψ production in proton-proton collisions at the center-of-mass energy (s) equal to 2.76, 5.02, 7, 8, and 13 TeV with the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE 2.2a. It is based on PYTHIA but extended considering the partonic and hadronic rescatterings before and after hadronization, respectively. In the PYTHIA sector the J/ψ production quantum chromodynamics processes are selected specially and a bias factor is proposed correspondingly.
Relativistic spin dynamics for vector mesons
We propose a relativistic theory for spin density matrices of vector mesons based on Kadanoff-Baym equations in the closed-time-path formalism. The theory puts the calculation of spin observables such as the spin density matrix element ρ00 for vector mesons on a solid ground. Within the theory we formulate ρ00 for ϕ mesons into a factorization form in separation of momentum and spacetime variables.
Probing vortical structures in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC-BES energies through helicity polarization
Cong Yi1,*, Xiang-Yu Wu2,†, Di-Lun Yang3,‡, Jian-Hua Gao4,§, Shi Pu1,∥, and Guang-You Qin2,¶ 1Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026 2Institute of Particle Physics and Key Laboratory of Quark and Lepton Physics (MOE), Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079 3Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529 4Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy and Solar-Terrestrial Environment, Institute of Space...
Probing the Short-Distance Structure of the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Energy Correlators
Energy-energy correlators (EECs) are promising observables to study the dynamics of jet evolution in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) through its imprint on angular scales in the energy flux of final-state particles. We carry out the first complete calculation of EECs using realistic simulations of high-energy heavy-ion collisions and dissect the different dynamics underlying the final distribution through analyses of jet propagation in a uniform medium.
Introduction to the parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE 3.0
We develop a parton and hadron cascade model paciae 3.0 based on pythia 6.428 and the paciae 2.2 program series for nuclear collisions. The original simulation framework composed of the initial partonic state, the partonic rescattering stage, hadronization stage, and the hadronic rescattering stage, is renamed a C-simulation framework for high-energy (sNN≥3 GeV) nuclear collisions. A B-simulation framework without partonic rescattering is designed for the high-energy nuclear collisions, too.
Hyperon polarization and its relation with directed flow in high-energy nuclear collisions
We investigate hyperon polarization and its relation with the directed flow of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in noncentral Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 GeV. A modified three-dimensional Glauber model is developed and coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional viscous hydrodynamic evolution of the QGP.
String-breaking of the triply heavy baryon at finite temperature and chemical potential
In this work, we use gauge/gravity duality to study potential energy and string breaking of triply heavy baryons at finite temperature and chemical potential. Two different possible configurations of triply heavy baryon are considered. The effect of temperature and chemical potential on string-breaking distance is investigated.
Probing new physics with polarized $\ensuremath{\tau}$ and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{c}$ in quasielastic ${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{\ensuremath{\tau}}+n\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{\ensuremath{\tau}}^{\ensuremath{-}}+{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}}_{c}$ sca
The absence of semitauonic decays of charmed hadrons makes the decay processes mediated by the quark-level c→dτ+ντ transition inadequate for probing a generic new physics (NP) with all kinds of Dirac structures. To fill in this gap, we consider in this paper the quasielastic neutrino scattering process ντ+n→τ−+Λc, and propose searching for NP through the polarizations of the τ lepton and the Λc baryon.
Microscopic Encoding of Macroscopic Universality: Scaling Properties of Dirac Eigenspectra near QCD Chiral Phase Transition
Macroscopic properties of the strong interaction near its chiral phase transition exhibit scaling behaviors, which are the same as those observed close to the magnetic transition in a three-dimensional classical spin system with O(4) symmetry. We show that the universal scaling properties of the chiral phase transition in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) at the macroscale are, in fact, encoded within the microscopic energy levels of its fundamental constituents, the quarks.
Quasi-two-body decays ${B}_{c}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{K}^{*}h\ensuremath{\rightarrow}K\ensuremath{\pi}h$ in perturbative QCD
In this work, we study the quasi-two-body decays Bc→K*h→Kπh(h=D,Ds,K,π,η,η′) in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach. The two-meson distribution amplitudes ΦKπP-wave are introduced to describe the final-state interactions of the Kπ pair, which involve the timelike form factors FKπ(s) parametrized by the relativistic Breit-Wigner function and the Gegenbauer polynomials.
Jet tagging algorithm of graph network with Haar pooling message passing
Recently, methods of graph neural networks (GNNs) have been applied to solving the problems in high-energy physics (HEP) and have shown its great potential for quark-gluon tagging with graph representation of jet events. In this paper, we introduce an approach of GNNs combined with a Haar pooling operation to analyze the events, called Haar pooling message passing neural network (HMPNet).
Dual-recycled interference-based weak value metrology
Weak value amplification permits small effects to be measured as observable changes at the sacrifice of power due to postselection. The power-recycling scheme has been proven to eliminate this inefficiency of the rare postselection, thus surpassing the limit of the shot noise and improving the precision of the measurement. However, the improvement is strictly limited by the system setup, especially the system loss.
Longitudinal momentum fraction of heavy-flavor mesons in jets in high-energy nuclear collisions
Abstract Heavy-flavor jets are powerful tools to gain insight into the in-medium partonic energy-loss mechanisms and the quark-gluon plasma's (QGP) transport properties in high-energy nuclear collisions. In this work we present the first theoretical study of the longitudinal momentum fraction z|| carried by heavy-flavor mesons in jets in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV. The p+p baseline is provided by powheg+pythia8, which matches the next-to-leading-order hard processes with the parton shower.
Effective field theory with resonant $P$-wave interaction
Abstract A new effective field theory is developed to describe shallow P-wave resonances using nonlocal, momentum-dependent two-body potentials. This approach is expected to facilitate many-body calculations and is demonstrated to converge and to be renormalizable in perturbative calculations at subleading orders. The theory is applied to the neutron-α system, with good agreement found between its predictions and a phase-shift analysis of neutron-α elastic scattering.
Information-field-based global Bayesian inference of the jet transport coefficient
Abstract Bayesian statistical inference is a powerful tool for model-data comparisons and extractions of physical parameters that are often unknown functions of system variables. Existing Bayesian analyses often rely on explicit parametrizations of the unknown function. It can introduce long-range correlations that impose fictitious constraints on physical parameters in regions of the variable space that are not probed by the experimental data.
$Z$-boson radiative decays to an $S$-wave quarkonium at NNLO and NLL accuracy
Abstract Within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism, we compute QCD next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections to the helicity amplitudes as well as the decay width of Z→H+γ, where H can be ηQ(Q=c,b),J/ψ, or ϒ. In addition, we resum the next-to-leading logarithms (NLL) of mZ2/mQ2 to all orders of αs for the leading-twist helicity amplitude by employing the light-cone factorization approach.
Systematic study of hadrons and their quark-component nuclear modification factors
Abstract We have systematically studied the connection (correspondence) between hadrons and their quark-component nuclear modification factors and the flavor (mass) ordering at both parton and hadron levels in nucleus-nucleus collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, using the paciae model. It turns out that the correspondence and the mass ordering generally hold, irrespective of the rapidity, centrality, reaction energy, and collision system size.
$X(6900)$ peak could be a molecular state
Abstract Analyses of the LHCb data on X(6900) found in di-J/ψ and J/ψψ(3686) systems are performed using a momentum-dependent Flatté-like parametrization. The use of the pole-counting rule and spectral density function sum rule give consistent conclusions that X(6900) may not be a molecule of J/ψψ(3686). Nevertheless, it is still possible that X(6900) is a molecule of higher states, such as J/ψψ(3770), χc0χc2, etc.
De Haas--van Alphen effect under rotation
Abstract We explored the interplay between magnetic field and rotation in the de Hass–van Alphen oscillation. The effect is found to be reduced because of the reweighting of different angular momentum states within the same Landau level by rotation energy. The implications of our results on high energy physics and condensed matter physics are discussed.
Asymmetric transverse momentum broadening in an inhomogeneous medium
Abstract Gradient jet tomography in high-energy heavy-ion collisions utilizes the asymmetric transverse momentum broadening of a propagating parton in an inhomogeneous medium. Such broadening is studied within a path-integral description of the evolution of the Wigner distribution for a propagating parton in medium.
Large-rapidity ridge correlations from color glass condensate
Abstract Within the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective field theory, considering the violation of boost invariance of the rapidity distribution, we correct the normalization scheme of the longitudinal rapidity ridge correlations. After this correction, the large-rapidity ridge correlation rebounds after bottoming, consistent with the observed data from the CMS detector.
Directed flow and global polarization in $\mathrm{Au}+\mathrm{Au}$ collisions across energies covered by the beam energy scan at RHIC
Abstract We study the directed flow of identified particles in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7 to 62.4 GeV. The Glauber model is extended to include both a tilted deformation of the QGP fireball with respect to the longitudinal direction and a non-zero longitudinal flow velocity gradient in the initial state.
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